Kugadziriswa kwedata remuviri

1. Hunhu: makristaro machena kusvika matsvuku anotsemuka, ane ruvara rwakasviba kana akachengetwa mumhepo kwenguva yakareba.

2. Kuwanda (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.181.

3. Kuwanda kwehuwandu (20℃, 4℃): 1.25. 4.

Nzvimbo yekunyunguduka (ºC): 122~123. 5.

Pokufashaira (ºC, pakumanikidzwa kwemhepo): 285~286. 6.

6. poindi yekupenya (ºC): 153. 7. kunyungudika: kusanyungudika.

Kunyungudika: hainyungudike mumvura inotonhora, inonyungudika mumvura inopisa, ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene, glycerin uye lye [1].

Kugadzirisa data

1, Mazino refractive indekisi: 45.97

2. Hurumu yemamolar (cm3/mol): 121.9

3, Isotonic chaiyo vhoriyamu (90.2K): 326.1

4, Kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro (3.0 dyne/cm): 51.0

5, chiyero chepolarization (0.5 10-24cm3): 18.22 [1]

Zvisikwa uye kugadzikana

gadzirisa

1. Chepfu yakafanana nephenol, uye inokuvadza zvakanyanya. Inotsamwisa ganda zvakanyanya. Inonyungudika nyore nyore kuburikidza neganda. Inokuvadza kutenderera kweropa neitsvo. Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwe cornea. Kunyangwe huwandu hwerufu husingazivikanwe, kwave nezviitiko zverufu nekuda kwekushandiswa pamusoro pe3 kusvika 4g. Midziyo yekugadzira inofanira kuvharwa uye isingadonhe, uye inofanira kugezwa nenguva kana ikapfapfaidzwa paganda. Maworkshop anofanira kunge aine mhepo inopinza uye michina inofanira kunge isina mhepo. Vashandi vanofanira kupfeka midziyo yekudzivirira.

2. Inobvira moto, ruvara rwekuchengetwa kwenguva refu runobva rwasviba zvishoma nezvishoma, rwakasimba mumhepo, asi kana rwaiswa pazuva runobva rwasviba zvishoma nezvishoma. Sublimation nekupisa, nekunhuhwirira kwephenol kunotsamwisa.

3. Zviripo mugasi remvura. 4.

4. Mvura inobuda inoshanduka kuita girini ne ferric chloride [1].

Nzira yekuchengetedza

gadzirisa

1. Yakaputirwa nemapurasitiki, masaga kana mabhegi akarukwa, huremu hwayo hwe50kg kana 60kg pabhegi rega rega.

2. Kuchengetera nekutakura zvinhu kunofanira kunge kusingatsvi, kusinganyorove, uye kusingasvibiswi. Kuchengeterwa munzvimbo yakaoma, ine mhepo inofefetera. Kuchengetera nekutakura zvinhu zvinoenderana nemitemo yezvinhu zvinobvira moto uye zvine chepfu.

Nzira yekugadzira

gadzirisa

1. Inogadzirwa ne naphthalene kuburikidza ne sulfonation uye alkali melting. Sulfonation alkali melting inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu munyika nekune dzimwe nyika, asi ngura yacho yakakura, mutengo wayo wakakwira uye kushandiswa kwe okisijeni yemumvura yakasviba kwakakwira. Nzira ye 2-isopropylnaphthalene yakagadzirwa neAmerican Cyanamid Company inotora naphthalene ne propylene sezvinhu zvakabikwa, uye inogadzira 2-naphthol ne acetone by-products panguva imwe chete, iyo yakafanana ne phenol ne isopropylbenzene method. Chiyero chekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa: 1170kg/t fine naphthalene, 1080kg/t sulfuric acid, 700kg/t solid caustic soda.

2. Pisai naphthalene yakachena yakanyungudutswa kusvika pa140℃, nechiyero chenaphthalene:sulfuric acid = 1:1.085 (molar ratio), sulfuric acid ye98% mumaminitsi makumi maviri, uye sulfuric acid ye98% mumaminitsi makumi maviri.

Kupindura uku kuchapera kana huwandu hwe2-naphthalenesulfonic acid hwasvika pamusoro pe66% uye huwandu hweacidity huri 25%-27%, ipapo hydrolysis reaction ichaitwa pa160℃ kweawa imwe chete, ma naphthalenes akasununguka achafuridzwa nemvura inopisa pa140-150℃, uye huwandu hwe1.14 naphthalenes huchawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakaenzana pa80-90℃ pachine nguva. Sodium sulfite solution inobviswa simba kusvika bepa rekuyera reCongo dzvuku risisachinje bhuruu. Kana gasi resarufa dioxide rakagadzirwa panguva yakakodzera nekubviswa kwemhepo, zvigadzirwa zve neutralization zvakatonhorerwa kusvika 35 ~ 40 ℃ kutonhora, zvichisveta makristaro kubva mufiriji nemvura yemunyu 10%, yakaoma, yakawedzerwa kumamiriro akanyungudutswa e98% sodium hydroxide pa300 ~ 310 ℃, ichikurunga uye ichichengetedza 320 ~ 330 ℃, kuitira kuti sodium 2-naphthalene sulfonate base isanganiswe ne 2-naphthol sodium, uye wobva washandisa mvura inopisa kuderedza kunyunguduka kwebase, wozopfuura nepamusoro. Neutralize sarufa dioxide inogadzirwa ne reaction, acidification reaction pa70 ~ 80 ℃ kusvika phenolphthalein isina ruvara. Zvigadzirwa zve acidification zvichave static layering, pamusoro pemvura inopisa kusvika yafashaira, static, yakakamurwa kuita aqueous layer, crude product ye 2-naphthol inotanga yapisa dehydration, uye wozobvisa decompression distillation, inogona kuva chigadzirwa chakachena.

3. Nzira yekubvisa 1-naphthol mu2-naphthol. Sanganisa 2-naphthol nemvura muchikamu chakati wopisa kusvika 95℃, kana 2-naphthol yanyunguduka, kurunga musanganiswa nesimba woderedza tembiricha kusvika 85℃ kana zvakadaro, tonhodza chigadzirwa che slurry chakakangwa kusvika patembiricha yemukamuri wobva wasefa. Zviri mu1-naphthol zvinogona kuteverwa nekuongorora kuchena. 4.

Inogadzirwa kubva ku2-naphthalenesulfonic acid nekunyunguduka kwealkali [2].

Nzira yekuchengetedza

gadzirisa

1. Yakaputirwa nemapurasitiki, masaga kana mabhegi akarukwa, huremu hwayo hwe50kg kana 60kg pabhegi rega rega.

2. Kuchengetera nekutakura zvinhu kunofanira kunge kusingatsvi, kusinganyorove, uye kusingasvibiswi. Kuchengeterwa munzvimbo yakaoma, ine mhepo inofefetera. Kuchengetera nekutakura zvinhu zvinoenderana nemitemo yezvinhu zvinobvira moto uye zvine chepfu.

Shandisa

gadzirisa

1. Zvinhu zvakakosha zve organic uye dhayi, zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira tartaric acid, butyric acid, β-naphthol-3-carboxylic acid, uye zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira antioxidant butyl, antioxidant DNP nezvimwe antioxidants, organic pigments uye fungicides.

2. Inoshandiswa se reagent yekuona sulfonamide ne aromatic amines ne thin layer chromatography. Inoshandiswawo pakugadzira organic.

3. Inoshandiswa kuvandudza cathodic polarization, kunatsa crystallization uye kuderedza saizi yemaburi mu acidic tin plating. Nekuda kwehunhu hwechigadzirwa ichi, kuwanda kwehuwandu hunokonzera gelatin condensation uye kunaya kwemvura, zvichikonzera mitsetse mu plating.

4. Inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira acid orange Z, acid orange II, acid black ATT, acid mordant black T, acid mordant black A, acid mordant black R, acid complex pink B, acid complex red brown BRRW, acid complex black WAN, color phenol AS, color phenol AS-D, color phenol AS-OL, color phenol AS-SW, active bright orange X-GN, active bright orange K-GN, active red K-1613, active red K-1613, active bright orange X-GN, active bright orange K-GN. Neutral Purple BL, Neutral Black BGL, Direct Copper Salt Blue 2R, Direct Sunlight Resistant Blue B2PL, Direct Blue RG, Direct Blue RW nedzimwe dhayi [2].

Ruzivo rwechibvumirano