Iyo inozivikanwawo se dimethylaniline, isina ruvara kune yero ine mafuta mvura, kunhuhwirira kunogumbura, mumhepo kana pasi pezuva nyore oxidation shandisa Ze inodzika. Relative density (20 ℃/4 ℃) 0.9555, freezing point 2.0℃, boiling point 193℃, flash point (opening) 77℃, ignition point 317℃, viscosity (25℃) 1.520 MPa 4.15D4. . Soluble mu ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene uye zvimwe organic solvents. Inogona kunyungudutsa dzakasiyana siyana organic compounds. Kunyungudika zvishoma mumvura. Inopisa, ichapisa mumoto wakashama, chiutsi nemhepo kuita musanganiswa unoputika, muganho unoputika we1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). High toxicity, high thermal kuora kwekusunungurwa kwechepfu aniline gasi. Inogona kutorwa kuburikidza neganda uye muchetura, LD501410mg/kg, iyo yakanyanya kutenderwa kusungwa mumhepo ndeye 5mg/m3.

Nzira dzekuchengeta

1. Zvinyorwa Zvekuchengetedza [25] Chengeta muimba yekuchengetera inotonhorera, ine mhepo. Ramba kure nemoto nekupisa. Chengeta mudziyo wakavharwa. Inofanira kuchengetwa zvakasiyana kubva kune acids, halogens uye makemikari ezvokudya, uye haifaniri kusanganiswa. Shongedza nemhando inoenderana uye huwandu hwemidziyo yekudzima moto. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanirwa kuve neyakadonha yekurapa yekukurumidzira michina uye yakakodzera yekuchengetedza zvinhu.

2. Yakanamwa mudhiramu resimbi, 180kg padhiramu. Chengeta munzvimbo inotonhorera uye ine mhepo. Chengetedza uye kutakura zvinoenderana nemirairo yezvinhu zvinopisa uye zvine chepfu

Nzira dzekugadzira

1. Ne aniline uye methanol muhupo hwe sulfuric acid, kuburikidza nekushisa kwepamusoro uye high pressure reaction. Kuyerera kwemaitiro: 1. Wedzera 790kg yeaniline, 625kg yemethanol uye 85kg yesulfuric acid (100% yeammonium) kune reactor, kudzora tembiricha 210-215 ℃ uye kumanikidza 3.1MPa, ita kwe4h, wobva wasunungura kumanikidza, buditsa zvinhu kune iyo yekuparadzanisa, gadzirisa ne30% sodium hydroxide, mira, uye patsanura yakaderera quaternary ammonium munyu. Zvadaro hydrolysis reaction pa 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa ye3h, yakaguma hydrolyzate nemafuta epamusoro zvakasanganiswa nekugeza mvura uye vacuum distillation kuti uwane chigadzirwa chapera.

2, ine methanol uye aniline semidziyo yakabikwa, pasi pemamiriro ekunyanyisa methanol, mhepo yemhepo, 200-250 ℃, kuburikidza nealumina catalyst synthesis. Raw material kushandiswa quota: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Kugadzirira murabhoritari kunogona kuita aniline ine trimethyl phosphate.

3. Yakasanganiswa aniline uye methanol (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1: 3) uye jekiseni mu reactor yakashongedzerwa necatalyst panzvimbo yekumhanya ye0.5h-1 kuburikidza neinodzokorora isiri-pulse metering pump. Iyo inoyerera effluent inotanga kupinda mugirazi gasi-mvura yekuparadzanisa, uye iyo mvura inounganidzwa pazasi chikamu chekuparadzanisa inotorwa kunze nguva nenguva kuongororwa kwechromatographic.

4. Muna 2001, Nankai University neTianjin Ruikai Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd vakabatana vakagadzira aniline methylation catalyst inoshanda zvikuru kuti ione kuumbwa kwegasi kweN, N-dimethylaniline. Maitiro acho ndeaya anotevera: Mushure mekunge aniline yemvura yasanganiswa nemethanol muchiyero, inonyungudutswa mushongwe yekupisa uye yozopinda mune tubular reactor ine nzvimbo yekumhanya ye0.5-1.0h-1 (mubhedha wakamisikidzwa weiyo tubular reactor. ine inotsigirwa nanometer yakasimba catalyst) yekuenderera mberi kugadzirwa pa250-300 ℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo. Chibereko cheDMA chiri pamusoro pe96%.

Nzira yekunatsa: kazhinji iine aniline, N-methyl aniline uye mamwe matsvina. Munguva yekunatsa, N, N-dimethylaniline inonyungudika mu40% sulfuric acid uye kuputika kwemhepo kunoitwa. Sodium hydroxide inowedzerwa kuti ive yakakosha. Iyo steam distillation inoenderera mberi. Iyo distillate inoparadzaniswa kuita aqueous layer uye yakaomeswa ne potassium hydroxide. Distillation atmospheric pressure pamberi peacetic anhydride. Iyo distillate yakashambidzwa nemvura kuti ibvise huwandu hweacetic anhydride, yobva yaomeswa ne potassium hydroxide, ichiteverwa ne barium oxide uye decompressed distillation mu nitrogen stream. Dzimwe nzira dzekunatsa dzinosanganisira kuwedzera 10% acetic anhydride uye reflux kwemaawa akati wandei kubvisa maamine ekutanga neechipiri. Mushure mekutonhora, wedzera yakawandisa 20% hydrochloric acid uye bvisa ne ether. Iyo hydrochloric acid layer yakagadzirwa alkaline nekuwedzera alkali, ndokuzobviswa ne ether. Iyo ether layer yakaomeswa ne potassium hydroxide ndokubva yanyungudutswa pasi pekumanikidzwa pasi penitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline inogonawo kushandurwa kuita picronate, yakagadziridzwa zvakare kune inogara ichinyunguduka ine inodziya 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution yekuora picronate. Bvisa ne ether, geza nemvura uye woomesa mushure mevacuum distillation.

5. Aniline, methanol uye sulfuric acid inosanganiswa muhuwandu uye inogadziriswa mu autoclave. Mushure mekunge chigadzirwa chadzoserwa nekudzikinura, alkali inowedzerwa kune neutralization, kupatsanurwa, uyezve chigadzirwa chinowanikwa ne vacuum distillation.

6. Iyo methylation reaction yeaniline uye trimethyl phosphate inogona kubudisa N, N-dimethylaniline: inobva yabviswa ne ether, yakaoma distillation.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline inogona kugadzirwa nekuwedzera musanganiswa weaniline uye methanol pachiyero che1∶ 3.5 mumubhedha unokonzera Cu-Mn kana Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler catalyst pa 280 ℃. Iyo inoguma N, N-dimethylaniline inounganidzwa mune distillation unit yemapuleti makumi mashanu nemana ari pakati pe193 kusvika 195 ℃ uye akaiswa mumabhodhoro egirazi rebrown. Pakugadzirira chromatography yakachena N, N-dimethylaniline, nitrogen inogona kuva inotakura gasi, mukugadzirira gasi chromatography naBen 犅 yaku column injected the rectification of N, N-dimethylaniline, kuburikidza nekuparadzaniswa uye kuunganidza kwechikamu chikuru chepamusoro chikamu, uye ipapo. mugirazi ampoule chisimbiso anogona kuva.

Chinangwa chikuru

1. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira madhayi emunyu (triphenyl methane dhayi, nezvimwewo) uye madhayi ekutanga, iwo makuru mhando ndeye alkaline inopenya yero, alkaline yepepuru 5GN, alkaline girini, alkaline nyanza yebhuruu, inopenya tsvuku 5GN, brilliant blue, etc. N, N-dimethylaniline muindasitiri yemishonga yekugadzira cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, nezvimwewo, muindasitiri yezvinonhuwira yekugadzira vanillin, nezvimwewo 2. Inoshandiswa se inonyungudutsa, simbi inochengetedza, inoporesa agent ye epoxy resin, kuporesa accelerator yepolyester resin, catalyst ye polymerization ye ethylene compounds, etc. Inoshandiswawo mukugadzirira kwekutanga triphenyl methane dyes, dhayi uye vanillin. 3. Ichi chigadzirwa chinoshandiswa sechigadziriso chekugadzira polyurethane foam mapurasitiki ane organic tin compounds. Inoshandiswawo se rabha vulcanization accelerator, zvinoputika, mishonga yemishonga. Icho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirwa kwedhayi-based dhayi (triphenyl methane dhayi, nezvimwewo) uye madhayi ekutanga. Mhando huru ndeyekutanga kupenya yero, yakakosha yepepuru BN, yekutanga girini, yekutanga dziva bhuruu, inopenya tsvuku 5GN, brilliant blue, etc. N, N-dimethylaniline muindasitiri yemishonga yekugadzira cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide N- methoxymidine, sulfamilamide. - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, nezvimwewo, muindasitiri yekunhuhwirira kwekugadzira vanillin, nezvimwewo 4. Inoshandiswa sekurapa accelerator ye epoxy resin, polyester resin uye anaerobic adhesive, kuitira kuti anaerobic adhesive inogona kurapwa nokukurumidza. Inogonawo kushandiswa sechinhu chinonyungudutsa, chinokonzera kupolymerization ye ethylene compounds, metal preservative, an ultraviolet absorber for cosmetics, light sensitizer, etc. Inoshandiswawo mukugadzirwa kwedhayi dzinokosha, kuparadzira dhayi, asidi dhayi, mafuta. soluble dhayi uye zvinonhuwira (vanillin) uye zvimwe mbishi zvinhu. 5. Reagent inoshandiswa pa photometric determination ye nitrite. Inoshandiswawo se solvent uye mune organic synthesis. 6. Inoshandiswa sedhayi yepakati, solvent, stabilizer, analytical reagent.