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Zita rechigadzirwa: Benzyl chloride

Zita reChirungu: Benzyl chloride

CAS No.100-44-7

Benzyl chloride, inozivikanwawo se benzyl chloride uye toluene chloride, imvura isina ruvara uye ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba. Inosanganiswa neorganic solvents senge chloroform, ethanol, uye ether. Hainyungudike mumvura asi inogona kubuda nemhute yemvura. Uturu hwayo hunotsamwisa kune mucous membranes yemaziso uye inhengo yakasimba yemisodzi. Panguva imwecheteyo, benzyl chloride zvakare iri yepakati mune organic synthesis uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwedhayi, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, inonhuhwirira yekugadzira, detergents, plasticizers, uye mishonga.

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzira benzyl chloride, kunyanya kusanganisira benzyl alcohol chlorination method, chloromethyl method, toluene catalytic chlorination method, etc. Pakati pavo, nzira ye benzyl alcohol chlorination inowanikwa nekuita kwe benzyl doro uye hydrochloric acid. Ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekugadzira benzyl chloride. Iyo chloromethyl nzira zvakare inzira yekutanga maindasitiri. Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakaita benzene uye benzaldehyde (kana kuti trimerformaldehyde). Anhydrous zinc chloride inoshandiswa secatalyst. Iyo catalytic chlorination ye toluene parizvino ndiyo yakajairika nzira yekugadzira maindasitiri ye benzyl chloride, uye catalytic chlorination ye toluene inogona kukamurwa kuita photocatalytic chlorination uye yakaderera-tembiricha inokonzeresa chlorination. Nekudaro, iyo photocatalytic chlorination nzira inoda kuiswa kwechiedza sosi mukati memidziyo, iyo ine hunhu hwekuoma kudzora maitiro, maitiro mazhinji epadivi, uye mutengo wakakwira. Iyo yakaderera-tembiricha catalytic chlorination nzira inoshandisa imwe kana kupfuura ye dibenzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, uye acetamide sechinhu chinokonzeresa kuita toluene uye chlorine pakudziya kwakadzika, uchishandisa yakaderera tembiricha uye chlorine Kudzora maitiro ekuita kuvandudza kutendeuka uye kusarudzwa, asi mamiriro chaiwo. zvichiri kuda kuongororwa.

Kupisa kwebenzyl chloride kunoitwa distillation kunowanzoitwa pa100°C uye kazhinji haifanire kudarika 170°C. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti benzyl chloride chinhu chinonzwa kupisa. Kana tembiricha yakawandisa, self-polymerization reaction ichaitika. Kana kuita kwakanyanyisa, pachava neKuputika kwengozi. Naizvozvo, distillation ye crude benzyl chloride inofanirwa kuitwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakashata. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kudzora iyo simbi ion yemukati mune chlorination mhinduro, nekuti benzyl chloride ichasangana neKrafts-Kreider reaction pamberi peioni yesimbi uye tembiricha yepamusoro, uye chinhu chine resin chinogadzirwa, icho chichakonzera. iyo mvura kuMuvara inova yakasviba uye yakawanda yehydrogen chloride gasi inoburitswa.

Applications

Benzyl chloride yakakosha organic yepakati. Chigadzirwa cheindasitiri imvura isina ruvara kana yero yakapenya inoonekera ine hwema hunonhuwa uye nekuora kwakasimba. Inogona kunyungudutswa mune organic solvents senge ether, chloroform, uye chlorobenzene. Benzyl chloride inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri. Inonyanya kushandiswa muminda yemishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga, zvinonhuhwirira, dhayi zvekuwedzera, uye zvekugadzira. Inoshandiswa kugadzira nekugadzira benzaldehyde, butyl benzyl phthalate, aniline, phoxim, uye benzyl chloride. Penicillin, benzyl doro, phenylacetonitrile, phenylacetic acid uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.

Benzyl chloride ndeye benzyl halide kirasi yemakomponi anogumbura. Panyaya yemishonga yezvipembenene, haigone kungogadzira zvakananga organophosphorus fungicides mupunga blast net uye iso rice blast net, asi zvakare inogona kushandiswa seyakakosha mbichana kune mamwe akawanda epakati, senge synthesis ye phenylacetonitrile uye benzene. Formyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde, etc. Mukuwedzera, benzyl chloride inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumishonga, zvinonhuwira, dhayi yekubatsira, masiki ekugadzira, nezvimwewo. Ikemikari yakakosha uye kugadzirwa kwemishonga kwepakati. Ipapo iyo tsvina yemvura kana marara inogadzirwa nemabhizinesi panguva yekugadzira isingaite ine huwandu hukuru hwe benzyl chloride yepakati.

Benzyl chloride pachayo inokonzera kubvarura, ine muchetura zvakanyanya, carcinogenic, uye inoramba iine nharaunda. Sezvo benzyl chloride pachayo ichishandiswa zvakanyanya uye ichishandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda, benzyl chloride inodonha panguva yekufambisa kana inogadzirwa nevagadziri vakasiyana. Iyo tsvina yemvura ine benzyl chloride inounzwa nebhizinesi panguva yekugadzira kana tsvina inoraswa zvakananga, kana kuvuza kunoitika panguva yekugadzira, izvo zvinokonzeresa zvakananga benzyl chloride kupinda muvhu uye pakupedzisira kusvibisa ivhu.

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