Fine chemical industry inzvimbo yehupfumi yekugadzira makemikoro akanaka muindasitiri yemakemikari, iyo yakasiyana neyakajairwa makemikari zvigadzirwa kana akawanda makemikari. Hunhu hwayo hwekutanga kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, dzakasiyana-siyana, yakakosha kana yakawanda-inoshanda yakanaka makemikari ehupfumi hwepasirese uye hupenyu hwevanhu nehupamhi uye hutsva tekinoroji.Fine chemical industry ine high technology density uye yakakwirira yakawedzerwa kukosha.Kubva kuma1970, dzimwe nyika dzine maindasitiri dzakabudirira dzakachinja zvakatevedzana chinangwa chekuvandudza indasitiri yemakemikari kuenda kuindasitiri yemakemikari yakanaka, uye kukurumidza kusimudzira indasitiri yemakemikari yave tsika yepasi rose. Mishonga yakanaka inosanganisira mishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga, dhayi (pigments), nezvimwewo. zvokudya zvinowedzera, zvokudya zvinowedzera, zvinonamira, surfactants, mishonga yekuchenesa mvura, makemikari ematehwe, makemikari omumunda wemafuta, makemikari emagetsi, makemikoro ekugadzira mapepa uye mamwe anopfuura minda makumi mashanu.

Pharmaceutical intermediates inoreva makemikari epakati anogadzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari zvinodhaka uye ndeemhando dzakanaka dzemakemikari zvigadzirwa.Parmaceutical intermediates inogona kupatsanurwa kuita maantibiotic intermediates, antipyretic uye analgesic intermediates, cardiovascular intermediates, uye anticancer intermediates maererano neminda yavo yekushandisa.Indasitiri yekumusoro-soro yemishonga yepakati ndiyo yakakosha indasitiri yemakemikari yakasvibirira, nepo indasitiri yepasi iri iyo kemikari API uye indasitiri yekugadzirira.Sechinhu chakawanda, mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvekutanga unochinja zvakanyanya, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga mutengo wekugadzira wemabhizinesi.Pharmaceutical intermediates uye yakakamurwa kuita yekutanga yepakati uye yepamusoro yepakati, yekutanga yepakati nekuda kwekuoma kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira haina kukwirira, mitengo yakadzikira, uye kukosha kwakawedzerwa mumamiriro ekuwedzera, vepakati vepamberi ndiyo yekutanga yepakati pekuita zvigadzirwa, zvichienzaniswa neyekutanga yepakati, yakaoma chimiro, chete. nhanho imwe kana nhanho shoma yekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro-zvinowedzera pasi pemvura, gross margin level yakakwira kupfuura gross gross indasitiri yepakati. cheni ine kumanikidzwa kukuru kwemakwikwi uye kudzvanywa kwemutengo, uye kushanduka kwemutengo wezvinhu zvakakosha zvekemikari mbishi kunokanganisa zvakanyanya pavari. Vatengesi vepakati vepamusoro, kune rumwe rutivi, havangove nesimba rakasimba rekutaurirana pamusoro pevatengesi vadiki, asi zvakanyanya kukosha, ivo. takura kugadzirwa kwevakuru vepakati vane yakakwirira tekinoroji zvemukati uye chengetedza hukama hwepedyo nemakambani emarudzi akawanda, saka kushanduka kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakabikwa hakuite zvishoma pazviri.Non-gmp yepakati uye GMP yepakati inogona kurongeka zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekufurira pane yekupedzisira. API quality.Non-gmp yepakati inoreva mishonga yepakati isati yatanga API;GMP yepakati inoreva mishonga yepakati inogadzirwa pasi peZVINOdiwa zveGMP, kureva, chinhu chinogadzirwa mushure mekutanga API, panguva ye API synthesis. nhanho, uye iyo inoenderera mberi nekuchinja kwema molecular kana kunatswa isati yava API.

Yechipiri patent cliff peak icharamba ichikurudzira kudiwa kwevapakati pemvura
Indasitiri yemishonga yepakati inochinja-chinja pasi pesimba rekuda kwese kudiwa kweindasitiri yemishonga yepasi, uye periodicity yayo inoenderana neiyo yeindasitiri yemishonga.Izvi zvinofurira zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvinhu zvekunze uye zvemukati zvinhu: zvinhu zvekunze zvinonyanya kureva kubvumidzwa. kutenderera kwemishonga mitsva pamusika;Zvinhu zvemukati zvinonyanya kureva kutenderera kwepatent kudzivirira kwemishonga ichangoburwa.Kumhanya kwemvumo mitsva yemishonga nemasangano anodzora zvinodhaka akadai seFDA anewo chimwe chinhu paindasitiri. Kana nguva yekubvumidzwa kwemishonga mitsva uye huwandu hwemishonga mitsva yakatenderwa zvave zvakanakira makambani emishonga, kudiwa kwemishonga yekubuda kunze kwemishonga kuchagadzirwa.Kubva pahuwandu hwemishonga mitsva yemakemikari uye mishonga mitsva yebhayoloji yakatenderwa neThe FDA mu makore gumi apfuura, nhamba huru yemvumo mitsva yemishonga icharamba ichiunza kudiwa kwevari pakati pekumusoro, zvichitsigira indasitiri kuchengetedza yakakwira. vachiri kunakidzwa nekuputika kwekukura kwekudiwa munguva pfupi. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hweEvaluate, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kubva 2017 kusvika 2022, kuchave ne194 bhiriyoni yuan yemusika wezvinodhaka wakatarisana nemamiriro ekupera kwepatent, inova yechipiri patent cliff peak kubva 2012.

Ariations mumakore achangopfuura, nekuwedzera uye chimiro chezvinodhaka chakaomarara, tsvakiridzo nyowani yezvinodhaka uye budiriro yebudiriro yakaderedzwa, kukurumidza kuwedzera kwetsvakiridzo yemishonga mitsva nemitengo yekuvandudza yeMcKinsey muNat. Rev. DrugDiscov. "yakataurwa, muna 2006-2011, tsvakurudzo itsva yemishonga uye kubudirira kwekubudirira inongova 7.5%, kubva 2012 kusvika 2014, nekuda kwebiological macromolecules kusarudza kwakanaka uye kuderera kwehupfu hwekupotsa kure (zvinodhaka munguva yekukura, kureva, kubva. chikamu chekiriniki III kune yakagamuchirwa rondedzero ine 74% chiyero chekubudirira), tsvakurudzo yezvinodhaka nekusimudzira huwandu hwekubudirira kwese kwekuwedzera zvishoma, asi zvichiri kuoma kutsigira kusvika ku16.40% kubudirira kwehuwandu mu90 s. Mutengo wekubudirira kunyora mutsva mushonga wakawedzera kubva kwatiri $1.188 bhiriyoni muna 2010 kusvika kwatiri $2.18 bhiriyoni muna 2018, zvakapetwa kaviri. Zvichakadaro, mwero wekudzoka kwemishonga mitsva uri kuramba uchidzikira. Muna 2018, hofori dzepasi rose dzeTOP12 dzemishonga dzakangoita chiyero chekudzoka che1.9% pakudyara mukutsvaga nekusimudzira.

Kuwedzera kwemitengo yer&d uye kudzikira kwekudzoka pakudyara kweR&d kwaunza kudzvanywa kukuru kumakambani emishonga, saka vanozosarudza kuburitsa nzira yekugadzira kumabhizinesi eCMO mune ramangwana kuti vaderedze mitengo. Maererano neChemicalWeekly, maitiro ekugadzira anotora inenge 30% yemutengo wose wemishonga yepakutanga.CMO/CDMO modhi inogona kubatsira makambani emishonga kuderedza mutengo wakakwana wekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakagadziriswa, kubudirira kwekugadzira, zviwanikwa zvevanhu, chitupa, kuongorora uye zvimwe zvinhu. ne 12-15%.Uyezve, iyo ADOPTION yeCMO/CDMO mode inogona kubatsira makambani emishonga kuti avandudze goho rekuita, kupfupisa kutenderera kwekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, izvo zvinogona kuchengetedza nguva yekugadzirwa kwekugadzirisa, kupfupisa r & d kutenderera kwe. zvinodhaka, kusimudzira kukurumidza kwekutengesa zvinodhaka, uye kugonesa makambani emishonga kuti anakirwe nemugove wakawanda wepatent.

Mabhizinesi eChinese CMO ane zvakanakira senge mutengo wakaderera wezvigadzirwa nevashandi, inochinjika maitiro uye tekinoroji, nezvimwewo, uye kuendeswa kweindasitiri yeCMO yepasi rose kuChina kunosimudzira kuwedzera kweChina CMO musika share.Musika wepasi rose CMO/CDMO unotarisirwa. kutipfuura $102.5 bhiriyoni muna 2021, iine chiyero chekukura chinosvika 12.73% muna 2017-2021, maererano nekufanotaura kweSouth.

Mumusika wemakemikari wepasi rose muna 2014, mishonga yemishonga uye yepakati, mishonga yezvipembenene uye yepakati ndiyo maindasitiri epamusoro maviri eindasitiri yemakemikari akanaka, anoverengera 69% ne10% zvakateerana.China ine indasitiri yakasimba yepetrochemical uye nhamba huru ye makemikari anogadzira zvigadzirwa, ayo akaumba zvikwata zvemaindasitiri, achiita akawanda emhando dzemhando dzakasvibira uye dzebetsero dzinodiwa kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-giredhi makemikari emhando yepamusoro anowanikwa muChina, kuvandudza kushanda nesimba uye kuderedza mutengo wese. yakazara maindasitiri sisitimu, inoita kuti mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari, kuvaka uye kuisirwa muChina udzike kupfuura iyo yenyika dzakasimukira kana kunyange nyika zhinji dzichiri kusimukira, nokudaro kuderedza mari yekudyara nekugadzira. Pamusoro pezvo, China ine nhamba huru yevanokwanisa uye yakaderera- Mari yemakemikari mainjiniya uye vashandi vemuindasitiri.Intermediates indasitiri muChina yakagadzira kubva kutsvagiridzo yesainzi nekusimudzira kusvika pakugadzira uye kutengesa kweseti yakakwana yehurongwa hwakakwana, kugadzirwa kwemishonga yemakemikari akabikwa zvinhu uye zvepakati zvekutanga zvinogona kugadzira seti yakakwana, vashoma chete. inoda kuunza kunze, inogona kugadzira mishonga yepakati, mishonga yezvipembenene uye mamwe 36 makuru mapoka, anopfuura 40000 marudzi epakati, kune zvakawanda zvepakati zvigadzirwa zvakawana nhamba huru yekutengeswa kunze kwenyika, zvepakati kunze kwenyika zvinodarika mamiriyoni mashanu ematani gore negore, yava nyika. chikuru chepakati kugadzirwa uye mutengesi.

Indasitiri yeChina yemishonga yepakati yakasimukira kubva 2000. Panguva iyoyo, makambani emishonga munyika dzakabudirira ainyanya kutarisisa kutsvagisa chigadzirwa nekusimudzira nekusimudzira musika sekukwikwidza kwavo kukuru uye nekukasira kuendesa kwepakati uye kushanda kwemishonga kusanganisa kune nyika dzichiri kusimukira. ine mutengo wakaderera. Naizvozvo, indasitiri yemishonga yeChina yepakati pemishonga kutora mukana uyu kuwana budiriro yakanakisa.Mushure memakore anopfuura gumi ebudiriro yakadzikama, China yave nzvimbo yakakosha yepakati yekugadzira muchikamu chepasi rose chevashandi muindasitiri yemishonga nerutsigiro rwe. nyika yose mutemo uye mitemo yakasiyana-siyana.Kubva 2012 kusvika 2018, kubuda kweChina chemishonga intermediates indasitiri yakawedzera kubva pamusoro 8.1 miriyoni matani ane musika kukura 168.8 bhiriyoni yuan kusvika 10.12 miriyoni matani ane musika kukura 2017 bhiriyoni yuan.China's pharmacue indasitiri yepakati yakawana kukwikwidza kwakasimba mumusika, uye kunyangwe vamwe vagadziri vepakati vakakwanisa kugadzira zvepakati zvine yakaoma mamorekuru chimiro uye yakakwirira tekinoroji zvinodiwa. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa zvine simba zvakatanga kutonga musika wepasirese.Zvisinei, pazere, indasitiri yepakati yeChina ichiri munguva yekusimudzira yekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa nekusimudzira, uye tekinoroji ichiri yakadzikira. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa mu indasitiri yemishonga yepakati ichiri yekutanga mishonga yepakati, nepo nhamba huru yepamberi yemishonga yepakati uye inotsigira yepakati yemishonga mitsva ine patent isingawanzo.