Pfupiso:

Dimethyl carbonate, inonzi DMC, imvura isina ruvara, inoonekera uye inonhuhwirira zvine hukasha patembiricha yemumba. Huwandu hwezvinhu (d204) i1.0694, nzvimbo yekunyunguduka i4℃, nzvimbo yekufashaira i90.3℃, uye nzvimbo yekupenya i21.7℃ (kuvhura) 16.7℃ (Muromo wakavharwa), refractive index (nd2Chemicalbook0)1.3687, inobvira, haina chepfu. Inogona kusanganiswa nezvinhu zvinenge zvese zve organic solvents zvakaita sealcohols, ketones, uye esters chero papi zvapo, uye inonyunguduka zvishoma mumvura. Inogona kushandiswa se methylating reagent. Kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinogadzirisa methyl, zvakaita se methyl iodide ne dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl carbonate haina chepfu uye haiori.

Zvimiro zveMakemikoro

Mvura isina ruvara uye inoonekera ine hwema hunorwadza. Hainyungudike mumvura, inonyungudika muzvinhu zvinonyungudutsa zvakaita se ethanol ne ether.

shandisa

1. Rudzi rutsva rwe solvent isina chepfu yakawanda runogona kutsiva toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone kana methyl ethyl ketone nezvimwe zvinonyungudutsa mumaindasitiri ependi ne namira. Ichi chigadzirwa chemakemikari chegirini chine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza.

2. Mushonga wakanaka we methylating, mushonga we carbonylating, mushonga we hydroxymethylating uye mushonga we methoxylating. Unoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda ye antioxidants yechikafu, mushonga wekudzivirira zvirimwa nedzimwe nzvimbo. Imishonga inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakemikari.

3. Chinhu chakakodzera kutsiva makemikari ane chepfu yakawanda akadai sephosgene, dimethyl sulfate, Chemicalbook methyl chloroformate, nezvimwewo.

4. Gadzira polycarbonate, diphenyl carbonate, isocyanate, nezvimwewo.

5. Mukurapa, inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga inorwisa hutachiona, mishonga inorwisa hutachiona uye inonyaradza marwadzo, mishonga inorwisa mavhitamini, uye mishonga yetsinga dzemuviri.

6. Kana tichitaura nezvemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira methyl isocyanate, uyezve kugadzira mimwe mishonga yecarbamate nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene (anisole).

7. Zvinowedzerwa peturu, lithium battery electrolyte, nezvimwewo.

Nzira yekugadzira inowanikwa nekuita methyl chloroformate ne methanol. methyl chloroformate inoshandiswa mukuita mhedzisiro inowanikwa nekuita kwe methanol ne phosgene. Panguva yekugadzirira, chigadzirwa ichi che phosgenation chinogonawo kugadzirwa nekuwedzera methanol yakawandisa uye kudzoreredza reaction pasina kupatsanurwa kugadzira dimethyl carbonate. Kuita kwataurwa pamusoro apa kunonzi nzira yechinyakare ye phosgene muChemicalbook. Nzira ye transesterification inosanganisira transesterification reaction pakati pe ethylene carbonate kana propylene carbonate ne methanol kugadzira dimethyl carbonate. Nzira iyi ine goho rakakura, michina ine ngura shoma, uye mamiriro ekuita zvidimbu zvishoma. Zvisinei, manyuko ezvigadzirwa akaganhurirwa nekukura kweindasitiri ye petrochemical uye mwero wekushandiswa kwezvinhu wakaderera.

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