Mupepeti weNjodzi dzeZvakatipoteredza

I. Njodzi dzehutano

Nzira yekupinda: Kufema, kumedza, kunyudzwa kwemuviri.

Njodzi dzehutano: Zvakafanana neaniline, asi isina simba pane aniline, zvinogona kukonzera maronda paganda. Kunwa kunotungamira pakuumbwa kwemethemoglobin uye cyanosis. Kusvotwa, dzungu, musoro uye migumisiro yeropa zvinogona kuitika mushure mekubatwa.

Ruzivo rwechepfu uye maitiro ezvakatipoteredza

Chepfu yakanyanya: LD501410mg/kg (inonwiwa nemakonzo); 1770mg/kg (tsuro iri paganda)

ZVINHU ZVINE NGOZI: Kana paine moto wakavhurika, kupisa kwakanyanya kana kusangana nechinhu chinooxidizing agent, pane njodzi yekutsva nekuputika. Utsi hune chepfu hwenitrogen oxide hunoburitswa nekuora kwekupisa.

Zvinhu zvinopisa (kuora): kabhoni monoxide, kabhoni dhayiokisijeni, nitrogen oxides.

Kugadzirisa nzira dzekutarisa

Nzira yeGas Chromatography yeKuona Zvinhu Zvine Ngozi Mumhepo (Chinyorwa Chechipiri), yakagadziriswa naHang Shih-ping [2]

Mupepeti wemitemo yezvakatipoteredza

yaimbova Soviet Union

Kuwanda kwakanyanya kunobvumirwa kwezvinhu zvine njodzi mumhepo mukamuri remotokari

0.2mg/m3

Yaimbova USSR (1977)

Kuwanda kwakanyanya kunobvumirwa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumhepo munzvimbo dzekugara

0.0055mg/m3 (kukosha kwakanyanya, avhareji yemasikati/husiku)

Yaimbova USSR (1975)

Kuwanda kwakanyanya kunobvumirwa kwezvinhu zvine njodzi mumvura

0.1mg/L

Kugadzirisa nzira yekurasa marara

Mhinduro yekudururwa

Bvisai vashandi kubva munzvimbo yakasviba yadeuka muende kunzvimbo yakachengeteka, rambidzai vashandi vasina chekuita nechinhu kuti vasapinde munzvimbo yakasviba, uye bvisai panobva moto. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanouya kuchipatara vapfeke michina yekufema inozvimiririra (SCBA) uye mbatya dzekudzivirira nemakemikari. Musabata zvakananga nedeuka, uye vharai mvura inobuda uku muchivimbisa kuchengetedzeka. Kupfapfaidza mvura mhute kunoderedza kupwa kwemvura, asi hakuzoderedzi kupisa kwedeuka munzvimbo yakamanikana. Nyorai nemusanganiswa wejecha kana imwe sorbent isingatsvi moiunganidza kuti iraswe panzvimbo yekurasira marara. Kana deuka guru rikadeuka, muchina wekudzivirira uchishandisa maberms unoshandiswa, uchiteverwa nekuunganidzwa, kutamiswa, kudzokorodzwa, kana kuraswa pasina kurapwa kune njodzi.

Nzira yekurasa marara: kupisa, chigadziko chekupisa chine kamuri rekupisa mushure mekutsva, nitrogen oxides kubva muchigadziko chekupisa kuburikidza nescrubber kuti ibviswe.

Matanho ekudzivirira

Dziviriro pakufema: Pfeka chifukidziro chegasi kana paine njodzi yekubatwa neutsi. Pfeka mudziyo wekufema wega (SCBA) kana paine mukana wekununurwa nekukurumidza kana kutiza.

Dziviriro yemaziso: Pfeka magirazi ekuchengetedza ane makemikari.

Zvipfeko zvekudzivirira: Pfeka maovharosi ane maoko akamanikana uye bhutsu refu dzerabha.

Dziviriro yemaoko: Pfeka magirovhosi erabha.

Zvimwe: Kusvuta, kudya nekunwa hazvibvumidzwe zvachose panzvimbo yebasa. Chinja uye geza mbatya dzebasa nekukasika. Usanwe doro usati waenda kubasa kana mushure mebasa, uye shandisa mvura inodziya kugeza. Tarisa chepfu. Ita bvunzo dzechiremba usati waenda kubasa uye nguva nenguva.

Matanho Ekubatsira Kwekutanga

Kubata ganda: Bvisa mbatya dzine utachiona nekukasika wosuka zvakanaka nesipo nemvura. Nyatsoteerera maoko, tsoka nenzara.

Kubata maziso: Simudza maziso ako nekukasika wosuka nemvura yakawanda inoyerera kana saline solution.

Kufema: bvisa mweya mutsva nekukurumidza kubva panzvimbo yacho. Isa mweya weokisijeni kana paine dambudziko rekufema. Kana mweya wekufema wamira, dzorera mweya nekukurumidza. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba.

Kumedza: geza dumbu, inwa mvura, geza dumbu wobva wanwa charcoal inogadzirwa nemuromo kuti iite manyoka kana ikamedzwa netsaona. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba.

Nzira yekudzima moto: mvura ine mhute, furo, kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, upfu hwakaoma, jecha.

Kugadzirisa nzira dzekugadzira

Inowanikwa kuburikidza nekuita pakati peaniline nemethanol kana paine sulfuric acid pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadziriswa: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Kuita kweaniline netrimethyl phosphate kunogona kugadzirwa murabhoritari.

Kugadzirisa mashandiro uye kushandiswa

Ndiyo chinhu chikuru chemushonga wekudzivirira kuzvimba uye marwadzo "Mefenamic acid", uye inogona kushandiswawo sechinhu chepakati chedhayi, mishonga yezvipembenene nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.

Kunyungudika: Hainyungudike mumvura, inonyungudika mu acid solution, ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, benzene.

Mashandisirwo Makuru: Inoshandiswa sepakati pe dyestuff, inoshandiswa mukugadzira vanillin, azo dyestuff, triphenylmethane dyestuff, inogonawo kushandiswa se solvent, stabilizer, analytical reagent, nezvimwewo.

Kushandiswa: Kazhinji mushonga we styrene we 10%, unozivikanwa se #2 accelerant. Unoshandiswa pamwe chete ne 2# curing agent (dibenzoyl peroxide). Iyi inzira inoshanda zvikuru yekurapa apo resin ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe free phenol kana apo polyester molecular chain ine chimiro chikuru che molecular branched. (semuenzaniso ye vinyl ester resin curing, bisphenol A type polyester resin curing, chlorinated bridge anhydride type polyester resin, nezvimwewo)

Nzira yekugadzira

gadzirisa

Inowanikwa kuburikidza nekuita pakati peaniline nemethanol kana paine sulfuric acid pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadziriswa: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t. Kuita kweaniline netrimethyl phosphate kunogona kugadzirwa murabhoritari.

Basa uye kushandiswa

gadzirisa

Ndiyo chinhu chikuru chemushonga wekudzivirira kuzvimba uye marwadzo "Mefenamic acid", uye inogona kushandiswawo sechinhu chepakati chedhayi, mishonga yezvipembenene nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.

Kunyungudika: Hainyungudike mumvura, inonyungudika mu acid solution, ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, benzene.

Mashandisirwo Makuru: Inoshandiswa sepakati pe dyestuff, inoshandiswa mukugadzira vanillin, azo dyestuff, triphenylmethane dyestuff, inogonawo kushandiswa se solvent, stabilizer, analytical reagent, nezvimwewo.

Kushandiswa: Kazhinji mushonga we styrene we 10%, unozivikanwa se #2 accelerant. Unoshandiswa pamwe chete ne 2# curing agent (dibenzoyl peroxide). Iyi inzira inoshanda zvikuru yekurapa apo resin ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe free phenol kana kuti polyester molecular chain ine chimiro chakakura che molecular branched. (semuenzaniso, ye vinyl ester resin curing, curing ye bisphenol A polyester resins, chlorinated bridge anhydride polyester resins, nezvimwewo)

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