Zvinhu zvishanu zvikuru zvemavara akapararira:

Simba rekusimudza, simba rekufukidza, kugadzikana kwekupararira, kunzwisisika kwePH, kuenderana.

1. Simba rekusimudza
1. Tsanangudzo yesimba rekusimudza:
Simba rekusimudza ndiro rimwe remadhayi akapararira. Hunhu uhwu hunoratidza kuti kana dhayi rega rega richishandiswa pakudhaya kana kudhinda, huwandu hwedhayi hunowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kudzika kweruvara pajira (kana shinda) kunowedzera zvinoenderana. Kune madhayi ane simba rekusimudza rakanaka, kudzika kwekudhaya kunowedzera zvichienderana nehuwandu hwedhayi, zvichiratidza kuti pane kudhaya kwakadzika kuri nani; madhayi ane simba rekusimudza rakaderera ane kudhaya kwakadzika kwakaderera. Kana asvika pakadzika kwakati, ruvara haruchazodziki sezvo huwandu hwedhayi huchiwedzera.
2. Simba rekusimudza rinoita kuti dhayi ishande:
Simba remadhayi akapararira rinosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana. Madhayi ane simba repamusoro rekusimudzira anofanira kushandiswa pamavara akadzika uye akakora, uye madhayi ane simba repamusoro rekusimudzira anogona kushandiswa pamavara akajeka uye akareruka. Kungoziva hunhu hwemadhayi nekuashandisa zvine mwero ndipo panogona kuwanikwa mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza madhayi nekuderedza mari.
3. Kuedza kusimudza:
Simba rekusimudza dhayi rekupisa kwakanyanya uye kudhaya kwemhepo yakakwira rinoratidzwa mu%. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akatarwa ekudhaya, mwero wekuneta kwedhayi mumushonga wedhayi unoyerwa, kana kuti kudzika kweruvara rwemuenzaniso wedhayi kunoyerwa zvakananga. Kudzika kwedhayi yega yega kunogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho nhanhatu zvichienderana ne1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10% (OMF), uye kudhaya kunoitwa mumuchina mudiki wemuenzaniso une tembiricha yepamusoro uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Simba rekusimudza dhayi rekuisa dhayi rekupisa melt pad kana kudhinda machira rinoratidzwa mu g/L.
Panyaya yekugadzirwa chaiko, simba rekusimudzira dhayi ishanduko muhuwandu hwedhayi, kureva kuti, shanduko mumumvuri wechigadzirwa chapera kana tichienzanisa nechigadzirwa chakapendwa. Shanduko iyi haingogone kungova isingatarisirwi chete, asiwo inogona kuyera kudzika kwemavara nemazvo nerubatsiro rwechishandiso, uye wobva waverenga simba rekusimudzira dhayi rakapararira kuburikidza nefomura yekudzika kwemavara.
2. Simba rekufukidza

1. Simba rekufukidza dhayi nderei?

Kungofanana nekuvharwa kwedonje rakafa nedhayi dzinoshanda kana madhayi evat pakudhaya donje, kuvharwa kwedhayi dzinopararira papolyester isina kunaka kunonzi kufukidza pano. Machira epolyester (kana kuti acetate fiber), kusanganisira machira akarukwa, anowanzova neruvara rwemavara mushure mekunge adhayiwa nedhayi dzinopararira. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zveruvara rwacho, zvimwe zvikanganiso zvekuruka, uye zvimwe zvinoonekwa mushure mekudhaya nekuda kwekusiyana kwemhando yefayibha.

2. Bvunzo yekuvhara:

Kusarudza machira epolyester filament asina kunaka, kudhaya nedhayi dzakapararira dzemavara akasiyana uye mhando dzakasiyana pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekudhaya, mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana achaitika. Mamwe mavara akakomba uye mamwe haasi pachena, izvo zvinoratidza kuti madhayi akapararira ane mavara akasiyana. Dhigirii rekufukidza. Zvichienderana nechiyero chegrey, giredhi 1 rine musiyano wakakomba wemavara uye giredhi 5 risina musiyano wemavara.

Simba rekufukidza remadhayi akapararira pafaira reruvara rinoenderana nechimiro chedhayi pachayo. Madhayi mazhinji ane mwero wepamusoro wekudhaya, kupararira zvishoma nezvishoma uye kufamba kwakashata haana kufukidzwa zvakanaka pafaira reruvara. Simba rekufukidza rine chekuitawo nekukasira kwesublimation.

3. Kuongorora mashandiro ekudhaya kweshinda yepolyester:

Kusiyana neizvi, madhayi akapararira asina simba rekufukidza rakanaka anogona kushandiswa kuona mhando yemafiber epolyester. Maitiro ekugadzira mafiber asina kugadzikana, kusanganisira shanduko mukunyora nekuisa maparameter, anokonzera kusawirirana mukubatana kwefiber. Kuongororwa kwemhando yekudhaya kwepolyester filaments kunowanzoitwa nedhayi rekufukidza risina kunaka reEastman Fast Blue GLF (CI Disperse Blue 27), kudzika kwekudhaya kwe1%, kufashaira pa95 ～100℃ kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, kusuka nekuomesa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemusiyano wemavara Rating grading.

4. Kudzivirira pakugadzirwa:

Kuti tidzivise kuitika kwekutsvukirira kwemavara mukugadzirwa chaiko, danho rekutanga nderekusimbisa manejimendi yemhando yepamusoro yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nepolyester fiber. Chigayo chekuruka chinofanira kushandisa shinda yakawandisa chisati chachinja chigadzirwa. Kune zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvisina kunaka zvinozivikanwa, madhayi akapararira ane simba rakanaka rekufukidza anogona kusarudzwa kudzivirira kuora kwehuwandu hwechigadzirwa chapera.

3. Kugadzikana kwekupararira

1. Kugadzikana kwekupararira kwemadhayi akapararira:

Madhayi akapararira anodururwa mumvura obva apararira kuita zvidimbu zvidiki. Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvidimbu kunowedzerwa zvichienderana nefomura yebinomial, neavhareji ye 0.5 kusvika 1 micron. Hukuru hwezvidimbu zvemadhayi ekutengeserana emhando yepamusoro hwakafanana zvikuru, uye pane huwandu hwakakwira, hunogona kuratidzwa nekongiri yekugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvidimbu. Madhayi ane kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvidimbu zvisina kunaka ane zvidimbu zvakakura zvehukuru hwakasiyana uye kusagadzikana kwekupararira kusina kunaka. Kana hukuru hwezvidimbu hukadarika zvakanyanya huwandu hwepakati, kudzokororwa kwezvidimbu zvidiki kunogona kuitika. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwezvidimbu zvikuru zvakadzokororwa, madhayi anoiswa pamadziro emuchina wekudhaya kana pafiber.

Kuti zvidimbu zvidiki zvedhayi zviite mvura yakagadzikana, panofanira kunge paine huwandu hwakakwana hwedhayi inofashaidzwa mumvura. Zvikamu zvedhayi zvakakomberedzwa nedhiziri, izvo zvinodzivirira madhayi kuti asaswedere pedyo, zvichidzivirira kuungana kana kuungana. Kudzora simba kweanion kunobatsira kudzikamisa kupararira kwayo. Zvinowanzo shandiswa zveanionic dispersants zvinosanganisira natural lignosulfonates kana synthetic naphthalene sulfonic acid dispersants: kunewo non-ionic dispersants, mazhinji acho ari alkylphenol polyoxyethylene derivatives, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakudhinda synthetic paste.

2. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kugadzikana kwekupararira kwemadhayi akapararira:

Kusachena kwedhayi rekutanga kunogona kukanganisa mamiriro ekupararira kwedhayi. Kuchinja kwekristaro yedhayi chinhu chakakoshawo. Mamwe mamiriro ekristaro ari nyore kuparadzira, nepo mamwe asiri nyore. Munguva yekudhaya, mamiriro ekristaro edhayi dzimwe nguva anochinja.

Kana dhayi ikapararira mumvura, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunze, mamiriro akagadzikana ekupararira anoparadzwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekristaro yedhayi, kuunganidzwa kwezvikamu uye kutenderera.

Musiyano uripo pakati pekuunganidzwa kwemavara nemavara ekuti dhayi rinogona kunyangarika zvakare, rinogona kudzoserwa kumashure, uye rinogona kupararira zvakare nekukurunga, nepo dhayi rakarungwa riri kupararira kusingadzoreki kugadzikana. Migumisiro inokonzerwa nekukurunga kwemavara emavara inosanganisira: mavara, kunonoka kwemavara, kudonha kwemavara kwakaderera, kudhaya kusina kufanana, uye kusvibisa tangi.

Zvinhu zvinokonzera kusagadzikana kwekupararira kwedoro redhayi ndezvizvi zvinotevera: kunaka kwedhayi, tembiricha yepamusoro yedoro redhayi, nguva yakareba, kumhanya kwepombi nekukurumidza, pH yakaderera, maturusi asina kunaka, uye machira akasviba.

3. Kuedza kugadzikana kwekupararira:

A. Nzira yekusefa bepa:
Ne 10 g/L disperse dye solution, wedzera acetic acid kuti ugadzirise pH value. Tora 500 ml wosefa ne #2 filter paper pa porcelain funnel kuti uone particle fineness. Tora imwe 400 ml mumuchina we dyeing dyeing une tembiricha yakakwira uye pressure yakakwira kuti uedze pasina chinhu, upise kusvika 130°C, urambe uchidziya kweawa imwe chete, utonhore, woisefa ne filter paper kuti uenzanise shanduko mu dye particle fineness. Mushure mekunge dye liquor yapiswa patembiricha yakakwira yasefa, hapana mavara papepa, zvichiratidza kuti kupararira kwayo kwakanaka.

B. Nzira yekupenda mhuka dzinovaraidza:
Kuwanda kwedhayi 2.5% (huremu hwepolyester), chiyero chekugezera 1:30, wedzera 1 ml ye10% ammonium sulfate, gadzirisa pH 5 ne1% acetic acid, tora magiramu gumi ejira rakarukwa repolyester, ritenderedze pamadziro ane maburi, wotenderera mukati nekunze kwedhayi. Mumuchina mudiki wekuyeresa dhayi une tembiricha yepamusoro uye ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha inowedzerwa kusvika 130°C pa80°C, inochengetwa kwemaminitsi gumi, inotonhodzwa kusvika 100°C, inogezwa uye inoomeswa mumvura, uye woona kana paine mavara eruvara rwedhayi akakomberedzwa pajira.

Chechina, kunzwisiswa kwe pH

1. Chii chinonzi pH sensitivity?

Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemadhayi akapararira, ma chromatogram akafara, uye kunzwisiswa kwakasiyana kwazvo ne pH. Mhinduro dzekudhaya dzine pH dzakasiyana dzinowanzo guma nemhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzekudhaya, zvichikanganisa kudzika kwemavara, uye zvichitokonzera shanduko huru dzemavara. Munzvimbo isina acid yakawanda (pH4.5 ~ 5.5), madhayi akapararira anenge ari mumamiriro akasimba.

Huwandu hwepH hwemhinduro dzedhayi dzekutengeserana hahuna kufanana, dzimwe hadzina neutral, uye dzimwe dzine alkaline zvishoma. Usati wadhaya, gadzirisa pH yakatarwa neacetic acid. Munguva yekudhaya, dzimwe nguva pH yemhinduro yedhayi inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana zvichidikanwa, formic acid neammonium sulfate zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuti mhinduro yedhayi irambe iri muchimiro cheacid isina simba.

2. Simba rechimiro chedhayi pakunzwisisa pH:

Mamwe madhayi akapararira ane chimiro cheazo anonyanya kubatwa nealkali uye haarambi kuderedzwa. Madhayi mazhinji akapararira ane mapoka eester, mapoka ecyano kana mapoka eamide anokanganiswa nealkaline hydrolysis, iyo inozokanganisa mumvuri wakajairika. Mamwe marudzi anogona kudhayiwa mubhavhu rimwe chete nemadhayi akananga kana pad dyed mubhavhu rimwe chete nemadhayi anochinja kunyangwe akadhayiwa pakupisa kwakanyanya pasi pemamiriro ealkaline asina kusimba pasina kuchinja kweruvara.

Kana kupenda kuchida kushandisa madhayi akapararira uye madhayi anochinja ruvara kuti adhindwe nehukuru hwakaenzana, madhayi anogadzikana nealkali chete ndiwo anogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kukanganiswa nebaking soda kana soda ash pamumvuri. Nyatsoteerera kuenderana kwemavara. Zvakakosha kupasa bvunzo usati wachinja rudzi rwedhayi, uye kuona kuti pH yakagadzikana sei padhayi.
5. Kuenderana

1. Tsanangudzo yekuenderana:

Mukugadzirwa kwemavara akawanda, kuti zvive nyore kuadzokorora, zvinowanzodiwa kuti hunhu hwemavara matatu makuru anoshandiswa hufanane kuitira kuti musiyano wemavara ugare wakafanana pamberi uye mushure memavara. Nzira yekudzora musiyano wemavara pakati pemabheti ezvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa zvakapendwa mukati memhando inobvumidzwa? Uyu mubvunzo mumwe chete unosanganisira kuenderana kwemavara kwemirairo yekudhaya, iyo inonzi kuenderana kwemavara (inozivikanwawo sekuenderana kwemavara). Kuenderana kwemavara akapararira kune chekuitawo nekudzika kwemavara.

Madhayi akapararira anoshandiswa pakudhaya cellulose acetate anowanzo fanirwa kupendwa panosvika 80°C. Tembiricha yekupenda yemadhayi yakanyanya kukwira kana kuti yakaderera, izvo zvisingakodzeri kuenderana kwemavara.

2. Kuedzwa kwekuenderana:

Kana polyester ikadhayiwa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, hunhu hwekudhayiwa kwemadhayi akapararira hunowanzo shandurwa nekuda kwekuiswa kweimwe dhayi. Nheyo huru ndeyekusarudza madhayi ane tembiricha dzakakosha dzekudhayiwa kuti aenderane nemavara. Kuti tiongorore kuenderana kwemadhayi, bvunzo diki dzekudhayiwa dzinogona kuitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana nemidziyo yekugadzira dhayi, uye maparamita makuru ekuita akadai sekuwanda kweresipi, tembiricha yemhinduro yekudhayiwa uye nguva yekudhayiwa zvinoshandurwa kuenzanisa ruvara nekuenderana kwechiedza kwemasampuli ejira rakadhayiwa. , Isa madhayi ane kuenderana kuri nani kwekudhayiwa muchikamu chimwe chete.

3. Ungasarudza sei zvinoenderana nemadhayi zvine musoro?

Kana machira akasanganiswa nepolyester-donje akapendwa nekupisa kwakanyunguduka, madhayi anoenderana nemavara anofanirawo kunge aine hunhu hwakafanana nehwemadhayi emonochromatic. Kupisa kwekunyunguduka nenguva zvinofanirwa kuenderana nehunhu hwekugadzirisa dhayi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ruvara rwacho rwunobuda zvakanyanya. Dhayi yega yega ine ruvara rwakaganhurirwa nekupisa, iyo inogona kushandiswa sehwaro hwekutanga kusarudza madhayi anoenderana nemavara. Madhayi emhando yepamusoro anowanzo shandiswa haafanire mavara ane mhando yakaderera yekudziya, nekuti anoda tembiricha dzakasiyana dzekunyunguduka. Madhayi ekupisa ane mwero haafanire chete kufananidza mavara ane tembiricha yepamusoro, asiwo anoenderana nemadhayi ekupisa kwakaderera. Kufananidza mavara zvine mwero kunofanirwa kufunga nezvekuenderana pakati pehunhu hwemadhayi nekumhanya kwemavara. Mhedzisiro yekufananidza mavara zvisina tsarukano ndeyekuti mumvuri hauna kugadzikana uye kugona kudzokororwa kwemavara kwechigadzirwa hakuna kunaka.

Kazhinji zvinotendwa kuti chimiro chejira rinogadzirisa kupisa kwemavara rakafanana kana kuti rakafanana, uye huwandu hwezvikamu zve monochromatic diffusion pa polyester film hwakafananawo. Kana madhayi maviri akapendwa pamwe chete, chiedza cheruvara muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chekupararira chinoramba chisina kuchinja, zvichiratidza kuti maviri aya anowirirana zvakanaka pakufananidza mavara; pane zvinopesana, chimiro chejira rinogadzirisa kupisa kwemavara chakasiyana (semuenzaniso, rimwe jira rinokwira nekuwedzera kwekupisa, uye rimwe jira rinoderera nekuwedzera kwekupisa), chikamu chinoparadzanisa kupisa che monochromatic pa polyester film Kana madhayi maviri ane nhamba dzakasiyana akapendwa pamwe chete, mithunzi iri muchikamu chinoparadzanisa yakasiyana, saka hazvina kukodzera kuti mumwe nemumwe aenderane nemavara, asi ruvara rumwe chete haruna kudziviswa uku. Tora chestnut: Paradzira bhuruu rakasviba HGL uye paradzira tsvuku 3B kana disperse yellow RGFL ine macurve akasiyana zvachose e hot-melt fixation, uye huwandu hwezvikamu zve diffusion pa polyester film hwakasiyana kwazvo, uye hahugoni kufanana nemavara. Sezvo Disperse Red M-BL neDisperse Red 3B dzine mavara akafanana, dzinogona kushandiswa mukufananidza mavara kunyangwe hunhu hwadzo hwekunyunguduka husina kuenzana.