Zvinhu zvishanu zvakakosha zvekuparadzira dhayi:

Simba rekusimudza, simba rekuvhara, kugadzikana kwekupararira, kunzwa kwePH, kuenderana.

1. Simba rekusimudza
1. Tsanangudzo yekusimudza simba:
Simba rekusimudza chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuparadzira dhayi. Ichi chimiro chinoratidza kuti kana dhayi imwe neimwe ichishandiswa kudhayi kana kudhinda, huwandu hwedhayi hunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye dhigirii yekudzika kwemavara pamucheka (kana shinda) inowedzera zvinoenderana. Kune madhayi ane simba rakanaka rekusimudza, kudzika kwedhayi kunowedzera maererano nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwedhayi, zvichiratidza kuti pane zviri nani kudhaya kwakadzika; madhayi asina simba rekusimudza ane hurombo hwakadzama hwekudhaya. Kana ichisvika pahumwe hudzamu, ruvara haruchazodziki sezvo huwandu hwedhayi hunowedzera.
2. Mhedzisiro yekusimudza simba pakudhaya:
Simba rekusimudza rekuparadzira dhayi rinosiyana zvakanyanya pakati pemhando dzakasiyana. Dhayi dzine simba rekusimudza rakakwirira dzinofanirwa kushandiswa kune dzakadzika uye dzakakora mavara, uye madhayi ane yakaderera kusimudza mwero anogona kushandiswa kune yakajeka uye yakajeka mavara. Chete nekugona hunhu hwedhayi uye nekuashandisa zvine mutsindo anogona kuita mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza madhayi uye kuderedza mitengo inogona kuwanikwa.
3. Kusimudza bvunzo:
Iyo dhayi inosimudza simba rekushisa kwepamusoro uye kudhaya kwepamusoro kunoratidzwa mu%. Pasi pemamiriro akatarwa ekudhaya, mwero wekupera kwedhayi mumushonga wedhayi unoyerwa, kana kudzika kwemavara kukosha kwemuenzaniso wakadhayiwa kunoyerwa zvakananga. Kudzika kwedhayi kwega kwega kunogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho nhanhatu zvichienderana ne1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10% (OMF), uye kudhaya kunoitwa mumuchina mudiki wemushini wekushisa kwakanyanya uye kudzvanywa kwakanyanya. Iyo dhayi inosimudza simba rekupisa kunyunguduka pad dhayi kana machira kudhinda inoratidzwa mug/L.
Mukutaura kwekugadzirwa kwechokwadi, simba rekusimudza dhayi ndiro shanduko yehutano hwekugadzirisa dhayi, ndiko kuti, kuchinja kwemumvuri wechigadzirwa chakapedzwa maererano nechigadzirwa chakadhayiwa. Shanduko iyi haigone kuve isingafungidzike chete, asi zvakare inogona kunyatso kuyera kukosha kweruvara nerubatsiro rwechiridzwa, uyezve kuverenga simba rekusimudza curve yedhayi yekuparadzira kuburikidza neyakadzama fomula.
2. Kuvhara simba

1. Chii chinovhara simba redhayi?

Sezvakangoita kuvanza kwedonje rakafa nedhayi reactive kana vat dhayi paunenge uchidhaya donje, kuvanza kwedhayi dzakapararira pamhando isina kunaka polyester kunonzi kufukidzwa pano. Polyester (kana acetate fiber) machira efilament, kusanganisira knitwear, anowanzo kuve nemavara emumvuri mushure mekunge aiswa chidimbu-dhayi neakaparadzira dhayi. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvechimiro chemavara, zvimwe ndezvekuruka zvikanganiso, uye zvimwe zvinoburitswa mushure mekudhaya nekuda kwemutsauko wemhando yefiber.

2. Muedzo wekuvhara:

Kusarudza machira emhando yakaderera yepolyester filament, kudhayira neakaparadzira madhayi emavara akasiyana uye marudzi pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekudhaya, mamiriro akasiyana achaitika. Mamwe magiredhi emavara akakomba uye mamwe haasi pachena, izvo zvinoratidza kuti madhayi anopararira ane mavara akasiyana. Dhigirii yekuvhara. Zvinoenderana negrey chiyero, giredhi 1 ine yakakomba ruvara musiyano uye giredhi 5 isina mutsauko wemavara.

Simba rinovhara rekuparadzira dhayi pane faira remavara rinotarirwa nechimiro chedhayi pachayo. Madhayi mazhinji ane huwandu hwekutanga hwekudhaya, kunonoka kupararira uye kutama kwakashata kune kuvharika kwakashata pafaira reruvara. Kuvhara simba kunobatanawo nekutsanya kwe sublimation.

3. Kuongororwa kwekuita kwekudhaya kwepolyester filament:

Pane zvinopesana, kuparadzira madhayi ane simba rekuvhara asina simba anogona kushandiswa kuona kunaka kwepolyester fiber. Kusagadzikana kwekugadzira fiber maitiro, kusanganisira shanduko mukunyora uye kumisikidza paramita, zvinokonzeresa kusawirirana mufiber affinity. Dyeability yemhando yekuongorora yepolyester filaments inowanzoitwa neyakajairwa yakashata yekuvhara dhayi Eastman Fast Blue GLF (CI Disperse Blue 27), kudhaya yakadzika 1%, ichifashaira pa95℃ 100 ℃ kwemaminetsi makumi matatu, kugeza nekuomesa zvinoenderana nechiyero cheruvara. musiyano Rating giredhi.

4. Kudzivirira mukugadzirwa:

Kuti udzivise kuitika kwemavara emumvuri mukugadzirwa chaiko, danho rekutanga nderekusimbisa manejimendi emhando yepolyester fiber raw materials. Chigayo chinofanirwa kushandisa shinda yakasara isati yachinja chigadzirwa. Kune iyo inozivikanwa yakashata yemhando mbishi, paradzira madhayi ane yakanaka yekuvhara simba anogona kusarudzwa kudzivirira kushatisa kwakawanda kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.

3. Kupararira kugadzikana

1. Kupararira kugadzikana kwemadhayi anoparadzira:

Madhayi anoparadzira anodirwa mumvura obva aparadzirwa muzvidimbu zvakanaka. Iyo particle size yekugovera inowedzerwa zvinoenderana neiyo binomial formula, ine avhareji kukosha kwe 0.5 kusvika 1 micron. Saizi yemhando yepamusoro yedhayi dzekutengesa iri padyo, uye kune yakakwira muzana, iyo inogona kuratidzwa neiyo particle size yekugovera curve. Dhayi dzine hurombo husina kugovera saizi dzine zvidimbu zvakakoshwa zvehukuru hwakasiyana uye kusasimba kwekupararira. Kana saizi yechikamu ichipfuura avhareji renji, recrystallization yezvimedu zvidiki zvinogona kuitika. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwezvimedu zvakakura zvakagadziridzwa, madhayi anonaya uye anoiswa pamadziro emuchina wekudhaya kana pashinda.

Kuti uite zvimedu zvakanaka zvedhayi mumhepo yakagadzikana yekupararira, panofanira kunge paine kukwana kwakakwana kwekubikira dhayi dispersant mumvura. Zvimedu zvedhayi zvakakomberedzwa neanoparadzira, izvo zvinodzivirira dhayi kuti isaswedere kune mumwe nemumwe, kudzivirira kuwirirana kana kuungana. Iyo yekuchaja repulsion yeanion inobatsira kudzikamisa kupararira. Inowanzo shandiswa anionic dispersants inosanganisira natural lignosulfonates kana synthetic naphthalene sulfonic acid dispersants: kunewo ma-non-ionic dispersants, mazhinji acho ari alkylphenol polyoxyethylene derivatives, ayo anonyanya kushandiswa pakudhinda paste.

2. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kugadzikana kwekupararira kwedhayi:

Kusachena kwedhayi yepakutanga kunogona kukanganisa mamiriro ekupararira. Kuchinja kwekristaro yedhayi chinhu chakakoshawo. Mamwe makristasi ari nyore kuparadzira, asi mamwe haasi nyore. Munguva yekugadzira dhayi, chimiro chekristaro chedhayi dzimwe nguva chinoshanduka.

Kana iyo dhayi inoparadzirwa mumushonga wemvura, nekuda kwesimba rekunze kwezvinhu, iyo yakagadzikana mamiriro ekupararira inoparadzwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera chiitiko chedhayi crystal kuwedzera, particle aggregation uye flocculation.

Musiyano pakati pekubatanidza uye flocculation ndeyekuti yekutanga inogona kunyangarika zvakare, inodzoreredzwa, uye inogona kuparadzirwa zvakare nekukurudzira, nepo flocculated dhayi iri kupararira kusingagoni kudzoserwa kugadzikana. Mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekufamba kwedhayi zvinosanganisira: mavara emavara, kunonoka kupenya, kuderera kweruvara, kudhaya zvisina kuenzana, uye kushatisa tangi.

Zvinhu zvinokonzera kusagadzikana kwedhayi kuparadzirwa kwedoro zvinenge zvinotevera: hurombo husina kunaka hwedhayi, dhayi yakakwirira tembiricha yedoro, nguva yakarebesa, kukurumidza kukurumidza kwepombi, kuderera kwepH kukosha, zvibatsiri zvisina kufanira, uye machira ane tsvina.

3. Muedzo wekupararira kugadzikana:

A. Nzira yekusefa bepa:
Ne 10 g/L disperse dhayi mhinduro, wedzera acetic acid kugadzirisa pH kukosha. Tora 500 ml uye sefa ne#2 sefa bepa pane porcelain fanini kuti uone kunaka kwechikamu. Tora imwe 400 ml mune tembiricha yepamusoro uye yakanyanya kudzvanya muchina wekudhaya bvunzo, kupisa kusvika 130 ° C, ichengete ichidziya kweawa imwe, itonhodze pasi, uye kusefa nebepa rekusefa kuti uenzanise shanduko muhunyoro hwedhayi. . Mushure mekunge dhayi doro rinopisa pakupisa kwepamusoro rakasefa, hapana mavara emavara papepa, zvichiratidza kuti kugadzikana kwekupararira kwakanaka.

B. Ruvara rwechipfuwo nzira:
Dye concentration 2.5% (huremu kune polyester), bhati reshiyo 1:30, wedzera 1 ml ye10% ammonium sulfate, gadzirisa pH 5 ne1% acetic acid, tora magiramu gumi emucheka wakarukwa wepolyester, woukungurutsira pamadziro ane porous, uye kutenderera mukati nekunze kwemushonga wedhayi Muchigadzirwa chepamusoro-chepamusoro uye chepamusoro-soro chekudhaya chidimbu chemuenzaniso muchina, tembiricha inowedzera kusvika 130 ° C pa80 ° C, inochengetwa kwemaminitsi gumi, yakanyoroveswa kusvika ku100 ° C, yakashambidzwa uye yakaomeswa mukati. mvura, uye tarisa kana paine dhayi yakafukidzwa mavara mavara pajira.

Chechina, pH senitivity

1. Chii chinonzi pH sensitivity?

Kune akawanda marudzi edhayi anoparadzira, machromatogram akafara, uye akasiyana zvakanyanya kunzwisiswa kune pH. Kudhaya mhinduro neakasiyana pH kukosha kazhinji kunokonzeresa mhedzisiro yekudhaya, kukanganisa kudzika kweruvara, uye kutokonzera shanduko yakakomba yeruvara. Mune isina kusimba acidic medium (pH4.5～5.5), kuparadzira madhayi ari munzvimbo yakagadzikana.

Iyo pH kukosha kweyekutengesa dhayi mhinduro haina kufanana, mamwe haana kwaakarerekera, uye mamwe ane alkaline zvishoma. Usati wadhaya, gadzirisa kune yakatsanangurwa pH ine acetic acid. Munguva yekugadzira dhayi, dzimwe nguva pH kukosha kwedhayi mhinduro ichawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana zvichidikanwa, formic acid uye ammonium sulfate inogona kuwedzerwa kuchengetedza mushonga wedhayi mune isina simba asidhi mamiriro.

2. Pesvedzero yechimiro chedhayi pane pH senitivity:

Mamwe anoparadzira madhayi ane azo chimiro anonyanya kunzwira alkali uye haamirire kudzikisira. Mazhinji emadhayi anoparadzira nemapoka ester, mapoka ecyano kana mapoka emaamide achakanganiswa nealkaline hydrolysis, iyo inozokanganisa mumvuri wakajairika. Mamwe marudzi anogona kudhayiwa mubhavhu rimwe chete nedhayi dzakananga kana padhi rakadhayiwa mubhavhu rimwechete rine dhayi reactive kunyangwe akadhayiwa pakupisa kwakanyanya pasi pekusarerekera kana kusimba alkaline mamiriro asina shanduko yemavara.

Kana kudhinda colorants kunofanirwa kushandisa disperse dhayi uye reactive dhayi kudhinda pahukuru hwakafanana, chete alkali-yakagadzika dhayi inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kufurira kwesoda kana soda ash pamumvuri. Chengetedza zvakanyanya kuenderana kwemavara. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti upfuure bvunzo usati wachinja dhayi siyana, uye tsvaga huwandu hwe pH kugadzikana kwedhayi.
5. Kugarisana

1. Tsanangudzo yekuenderana:

Mukugadzirwa kwedhayi kwakawanda, kuti uwane kuberekana kwakanaka, zvinowanzodiwa kuti zvimiro zvedhayi zvemavara matatu ekutanga madhayi anoshandiswa zvakafanana kuitira kuti mutsauko weruvara uenderane pamberi uye mushure mebhechi. Nzira yekudzora mutsauko wemavara pakati pemabhechi ezvigadzirwa zvakadhayiwa zvakapedzwa mukati meiyo inotenderwa mhando yemhando? Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo mumwechete unosanganisira kuenderana kwemavara kuenderana kwemavara ekudhaya, iyo inonzi kuenderana kwedhayi (inozivikanwawo sekuenderana kwedhayi). Iko kugarisana kwemadhayi ekuparadzira kunoenderanawo nekudzika kwekudhaya.

Madhayi anoparadzira anoshandiswa kudhayiwa e cellulose acetate anowanzo kudiwa kuti apinzwe mavara anosvika 80°C. Kupisa kwemavara kwedhayi kwakanyanyisa kana kuderera, izvo zvisingakodzeri kuenderana nemavara.

2. Kuenderana bvunzo:

Kana polyester yakadhayiwa pakupisa kwepamusoro uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro, maitiro ekudhaya edhayi akapararira anowanzo kuchinjwa nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kweimwe dhayi. Nheyo yakajairika ndeyekusarudza madhayi ane dhayi dzakafanana dzakakosha dzekudhaya tembiricha yekufananidza ruvara. Kuti uongorore kuenderana kwedhayi, akateedzana ediki sampuli yekudhaya bvunzo inogona kuitwa pasi pemamiriro akafanana neaya ekugadzira dhayi, uye iwo makuru maparamita akadai sekusangana kweiyo resipi, tembiricha yemhinduro yekudhaya uye dhayi. nguva inoshandurwa kuenzanisa ruvara uye kujeka kunoenderana kwemachira akadhayiwa samples. , Isa madhayi ane zvirinani kudhaya kuenderana muchikamu chimwe.

3. Ungasarudza sei kuenderana kwedhayi zvine musoro?

Kana machira akasanganiswa epolyester-donje akadhayiwa mukupisa kunyunguduka, iwo mavara anoenderana nedhayi anofanirawo kunge aine zvinhu zvakafanana nedhayi dzemonochromatic. Iko kunyunguduka kwekushisa uye nguva inofanira kuenderana nekugadzirisa maitiro edhayi kuti ive nechokwadi chepamusoro pegoho remavara. Imwe neimwe yemavara dhayi ine chaiyo inopisa-yakanyungudika fixation curve, iyo inogona kushandiswa sehwaro hwekutanga kusarudzwa kwemavara anoenderana nedhayi. Yepamusoro-tembiricha mhando yekuparadzira dhayi kazhinji haigone kuenderana nemavara nemhando yakaderera-yekushisa, nekuti inoda kunyungudika kwakasiyana. Madhayi etembiricha ane mwero haangofanire chete mavara ane tembiricha dhayi, asi zvakare anowirirana neakadzika tembiricha dhayi. Zvinonzwisisika kuenderana kwemavara kunofanirwa kufunga nezve kuenderana pakati pezvinhu zvedhayi uye nekumhanya kwemavara. Mhedzisiro yekufananidza kwemavara ndeyekuti mumvuri hauna kugadzikana uye kubereka kwemavara kwechigadzirwa hakuna kunaka.

Zvinowanzotendwa kuti chimiro chekupisa-kunyungudika kugadzirisa curve yedhayi yakafanana kana yakafanana, uye nhamba ye monochromatic diffusion layers pafirimu repolyester yakafanana. Kana madhayi maviri akadhayiwa pamwechete, mwenje weruvara mune yega yega diffusion layer inoramba isina kuchinjika, zvichiratidza kuti maviri Iwo madhayi ane kugarisana kwakanaka kune mumwe nemumwe mukuenderana neruvara; pane zvinopesana, chimiro chekupisa-kunyunguduka kwekugadziriswa kwedhayi kwakasiyana (semuenzaniso, imwe curve inokwira nekuwedzera kwekushisa, uye imwe curve inoderera nekuwedzera kwekushisa), monochromatic diffusion layer papolyester. firimu Kana madhayi maviri ane nhamba dzakasiyana akadhayiwa pamwe chete, mimvuri muchikamu chekupararira yakasiyana, saka haina kukodzera kuti ienderane nemavara, asi iyo yakafanana hue haisi pasi pechirambidzo ichi. Tora chestnut: Dispersa rima rebhuruu HGL uye paradzira dzvuku 3B kana kuparadzira yero RGFL ine zvakasiyana zvachose inopisa-kunyunguduka kugadzirisa macurves, uye huwandu hwematanho ekupararira pafirimu repolyester rakasiyana, uye haakwanise kuenderana nemavara. Sezvo Disperse Red M-BL uye Disperse Red 3B iine mavara akafanana, anogona achiri kushandiswa mukufananidza kwemavara kunyangwe zvimiro zvavo zvinopisa-zvinonyungudika zvisingaenderane.