Zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemusika zvine zvakasiyana zvinodiwa zveammonia mhando uye mutengo.

Kubva 2022, iyo yekumba yegirini ammonia chirongwa chekuronga chakaiswa mukuvaka, tichifunga kuti nguva yekuvaka yeprojekiti kazhinji makore maviri kusvika matatu, chirongwa chepamba chegirini ammonia chave kuda kuunza kugadzirwa kwepakati. Iyo indasitiri inofanotaura kuti panosvika 2024, mudzimba green ammonia kana kuti ichaita batch kupinda mumusika, uye huwandu hwekugovera huchave hunosvika 1 miriyoni matani / gore panosvika 2025. zvinodikanwa zvemhando yechigadzirwa uye mutengo wesynthetic ammonia, uye zvakare zvinodiwa kutanga kubva kune maitiro maitiro ega yega musika link kuti uongorore mukana wemusika wegirinhi ammonia.

Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekugovera uye kudiwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira ammonia muChina, kudiwa kwemhando yechigadzirwa chechikamu chemusika wega wega uye mutengo weammonia, NENG Jing tsvakiridzo yakangoongorora purofiti uye nzvimbo yemusika yegirinhi ammonia mune yega yega musika nzira yekutarisa indasitiri.

01 Musika weGreen ammonia une nzira nhatu huru

Panguva ino, kupihwa uye kudiwa kwemusika wekugadzira ammonia musika zvine mwero, uye kune kumwe kuwedzeredza simba kudzvanywa.

Padivi rekudiwa, kunwiwa kuri pachena kunoramba kuchikura. Zvinoenderana neNational Bureau of Statistics uye dhata retsika, musika wekugadzira ammonia unodzorwa nekushandiswa kwemumba, uye kunwiwa kuri pachena kwemumba synthetic ammonia kuchawedzera ne1% pagore kubva 2020 kusvika 2022, kusvika 53.2 miriyoni matani panosvika 2022. 2025, nekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwecaprolactam nemimwe michina yakadzika pasi, inotarisirwa kutsigira kukura kwekushandiswa kweammonia, uye kushandiswa kuri pachena kuchasvika mamirioni makumi matanhatu ematani.

Padivi rekupa, huwandu hwese hwekugadzira hwekugadzira ammonia huri padanho re "kudzika kunze". Zvinoenderana nedata reNitrogen Fertilizer Indasitiri Association, kubva pakavhurwa yekumashure kugadzirwa kweammonia muChina panguva ye "13th Five-Year Plan", kugadziridzwa kwesimba rekugadzira kwakapedzwa panosvika 2022, uye kugadzirwa. Kusimba kweammonia yekugadzira kwachinja kubva pakuderera kuenda pakuwedzera kekutanga, kupora kubva pa64.88 miriyoni matani/gore muna 2021 kusvika 67.6 miriyoni matani/gore, uye anopfuura 4 miriyoni matani / gore rekugona kwegore (kunze kwegirinhi ammonia) vakaronga kumhara. Pakazosvika 2025, huwandu hwekugadzira kana kupfuura mamirioni makumi manomwe ematani / gore, njodzi yekuwandisa yakakwira.

Zvekurima, indasitiri yemakemikari uye simba zvichave iwo matatu makuru emusika nzira yesynthetic ammonia uye green ammonia. Minda yekurima neyemakemikari inoumba musika wemasheya wesynthetic ammonia. Zvinoenderana nedata reZhuochuang Information, muna 2022, kushandiswa kweammonia yekugadzira mumunda wekurima kuchaverengera 69% yehuwandu hwekushandiswa kwesynthetic ammonia muChina, kunyanya kugadzirwa kweurea, phosphate fetiraiza nemamwe mafetiraiza; Kushandiswa kwekugadzira ammonia muindasitiri yemakemikari kunosvika 31%, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari senge nitric acid, caprolactam uye acrylonitrile. Iro simba remagetsi ndiro remangwana rinowedzera musika we synthetic ammonia. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu uye maverengero eEnergy research, panguva ino, kushandiswa kwesynthetic ammonia mumunda wesimba kuchiri kushoma pane 0.1% yehuwandu hwekushandiswa kwesynthetic ammonia, uye panosvika 2050, chikamu chekushandiswa kweammonia musimba. munda unotarisirwa kusvika kupfuura 25%, uye zvingangoitika zvekushandisa zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira hydrogen kuchengetedza vatakuri, mafuta ekufambisa, uye ammonia-doped combustion mumagetsi emagetsi anopisa.

02 Kudiwa kwekurima - Kudzora kwemitengo yepasi kwakasimba, green ammonia profit margin idiki zvishoma, kudiwa kweammonia mumunda wekurima kwakagadzikana. Mamiriro ekushandisa ammonia mumunda wekurima anonyanya kusanganisira kugadzirwa kweurea uye ammonium phosphate fetiraiza. Pakati pavo, kugadzirwa kweurea ndiyo yakakura kwazvo ammonia yekushandisa mamiriro ekurima, uye 0.57-0.62 matani eammonia anopedzwa kune yega tani yeurea inogadzirwa. Sekureva kweNational Bureau of Statistics, kubva muna 2018 kusvika 2022, kugadzirwa kwemumba urea kwakachinja-chinja mamirioni makumi mashanu ematani / gore, uye kudiwa kwaienderana kwesynthetic ammonia kwaive kunosvika mamirioni makumi matatu ematani / gore. Huwandu hweammonia inopedzwa neammonium phosphate fetiraiza inenge 5 miriyoni matani pagore, iyo zvakare yakagadzikana.

Kugadzirwa kwenitrogen fetiraiza mumunda wekurima kune zvakadekara zvinodikanwa zvekuchena uye kunaka kweammonia mbishi zvinhu. Zvinoenderana neiyo yenyika standard GB536-88, liquid ammonia ine zvigadzirwa zvakanakisa, zvigadzirwa zvekutanga-kirasi, zvigadzirwa zvakakwaniriswa mamakisi matatu, ammonia yemukati yakasvika 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.6% kana kupfuura. Nitrogen fetireza, senge urea, ine zvakakura zvinodiwa zvemhando uye kuchena kwezvigadzirwa, uye vagadziri vanowanzoda liquid ammonia mbishi zvinhu kuti vasvike giredhi rezvigadzirwa zvinokwanisa. Mari yese yeammonia mukurima yakaderera. Kubva pakuona kwekupihwa kweammonia uye mutengo weammonia, urea yemumba uye imwe ammonium phosphate fetireza kugadzirwa ine yakazvivakira ammonia chirimwa, mutengo weammonia unoenderana nemutengo wemusika wemarasha, gasi rechisikigo uye kugona kweammonia chirimwa. , mutengo weammonia unowanzo 1500 ~ 3000 yuan/ton. Pazere, mutengo unogamuchirwa weammonia mbishi zvinhu mumunda wekurima uri pasi pe4000 yuan/ton. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwechigadzirwa data chenharaunda yebhizinesi, kubva 2018 kusvika 2022, urea ingangoita zviuru zviviri nemazana matanhatu yuan/tani pamutengo wepamusoro, uye ingangoita 1,700 yuan/tani pamutengo wakaderera. Tsvagiridzo yesimba yakasanganiswa nematanho akasiyana-siyana ehuwandu hwemitengo yezvakagadzirwa, mutengo wekuita uye zvimwe zvinhu, kana pasina kurasikirwa, urea pamitengo yepamusoro uye yakaderera inoenderana nemitengo yeammonia inosvika mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe emadhora / toni kusvika 2200 yuan/tani, mumutengo wegirinhi ammonia. mutsetse uye pasi pezinga.