01 Mamiriro ezvinhu ese

MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanic acid) chinhu chakagadzirwa nepolyurethane chinogadzirwa ne isocyanate, polyol uye chinhu chinobatsira, chinoshandiswa mumidziyo yemumba, zvivakwa, kutakurwa uye zvimwe zviitiko.

MDI inoonekwa seimwe yezvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvine zvipingamupinyi zvakakura muindasitiri yemakemikari. Maitiro ekugadzira isocyanate akareba, anosanganisira nitration reaction, reduction reaction uye acidification reaction.

Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekugadzira MDI: phosgenation ne non-phosgenation. Phosgene process ndiyo tekinoroji huru yekugadzira isocyanates mumaindasitiri pari zvino, uye ndiyo nzira chete inogona kuita kuti isocyanates ibudiswe zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, phosgene ine chepfu yakawanda, uye mhinduro yacho inofanira kuitwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ane acid yakawanda, izvo zvinoda michina yakawanda uye tekinoroji.

02 kuronga

MDI inowanzo kamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: polymer MDI, pure MDI uye modified MDI:

MDI yakagadzirwa nepolymer imhando yekugadzira furo rakasimba repolyurethane nefuro rakaomesesa, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakapedzwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mufiriji, zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa, zvikamu zvemota uye mamwe maindasitiri.

Pure MDI inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira marudzi akasiyana-siyana epolyurethane elastomers, inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, spandex, PU dehwe slurry, shangu adhesives, uye inoshandiswawo muzvinhu zve microporous elastomer, zvakaita se soles, solid taires, self-crusting foam, car bumpers, interior trim parts, uye kugadzira cast polyurethane elastomers.

Sechinobva muzvigadzirwa zveMDI series, MDI yakagadziriswa ikuwedzera kwehunyanzvi hweMDI yakachena uye zvigadzirwa zveMDI zvakagadziriswa polymerized zvinowanzo shandiswa pamusika pari zvino, uye inogona kupa mashandisirwo akasiyana uye hunhu hwekugadzirisa zvichienderana nekusiyana kwekugadzirwa kwechimiro chechigadzirwa uye maitiro ekugadzira, kuitira kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumabhurumu akapfava, elastomers, coatings, glues nedzimwe nzvimbo.

03 Kumusoro nepasi pecheni yeindasitiri

Kumusoro kwerwizi kune mafuta, gasi rechisikigo, simbi nezvimwe zviwanikwa;

Pakati pezvinhu zvinosvika makemikari ari pakati pezvinhu zvakagadziriswa nezvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira, zvinomiririra WH Chemical, WX petrochemical, nezvimwewo.

Pasi pane zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvekupedzisira, zvakaita semapurasitiki, rabha, mishonga yezvipembenene, fetereza, nezvimwewo, zvinomiririra kambani yeJF Technology, matai eLL, makemikari eRL, HR Hengsheng, nezvimwewo.

04 Kuongorora zvinodiwa uye musiyano wemusika

Polyurethane inogadzirwa neMDI ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, anonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yekuvaka, indasitiri yemumba, midziyo yemumba, indasitiri yekufambisa, indasitiri yeshangu, nezvimwewo. Saka, kushandiswa kweMDI kunoenderana zvikuru nehuwandu hwebudiriro yehupfumi hwenyika.

Kubva pamaonero epasi rose, chimiro chekushandiswa kweMDI yakagadzirwa nepolymer muna 2021 chinonyanya kukosha ndeichi: 49% yeindasitiri yekuvaka, 21% yemidziyo yemumba, 17% yezvinonamira, uye 11% yemotokari.

Kubva pamaonero emuno, chikamu chekushandiswa kweMDI yakagadzirwa nepolymer muna 2021 chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti: 40% yezvinhu zvichena, 28% yeindasitiri yekuvaka, 16% yezvinonamira, uye 7% yemotokari.

05 Maitiro emakwikwi

Rutivi rwekugovera rweMDI runoratidza maitiro emakwikwi eoligopoly. Kune vagadziri vasere vakuru veMDI pasi rose, uye vagadziri vatatu vepamusoro pahuwandu hwavo ndiWH Chemical, BASF naCovestro, vane simba rekubatanidza makambani matatu aya rinoita zvinopfuura 60% yehuwandu hwese hwekugadzira pasi rose. Pakati pavo, WH Chemical ndiyo kambani inotungamira muindasitiri yeMDI muChina uye ndiyo kambani huru pasi rose yekugadzira MDI.