Mushure memakore anoda kusvika zana ebudiriro, indasitiri yemakemikari yeChina yave nyika iri kukura nekukurumidza pasi rose, kutenderera kwemaindasitiri kupfuura Europe, United States neJapan neSouth Korea kutenderera kwemaindasitiri emakemikari kwapfupika zvakanyanya, izvo muEurope neUnited States nedzimwe nyika zvinoda makumi emakore kuti zvisvike padanho rekukura, indasitiri yemakemikari yeChina makore mashoma chete asvika pakupera. Musiyano ndewekuti mushure medanho guru reindasitiri yemakemikari muEurope neUnited States, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvakanaka zvinotsigirwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwakawedzera zvakanyanya, nepo muChina, nekuda kwekukura kushoma kwetekinoroji, huwandu hwemakemikari akanaka pamusika hwawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.

Anotenda kuti mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi anotevera, maitiro makuru eindasitiri yemakemikari muChina achapera, uye maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvakanaka achakurumidza. Parizvino, kune masangano mazhinji ekutsvagisa emuno, kunyanya ayo ane hukama nemakambani makuru, ari kuwedzera mari mukutsvaga nekugadzira makemikari akanaka.

Pakuronga mafambiro emakemikari akanaka eChina, Pingtou Brother akapfupikisa pfungwa dzinotevera, kutanga, kushandiswa kwemahydrocarbon ane kabhoni shoma sezvinhu zvekugadzira tsvakurudzo yematanho ekugadzira zvakadzama, pasi pemvura yakatarisana nemidziyo yemishonga, mishonga yezvipembenene nedzimwe nzvimbo. Chechipiri, pakugadzirisa nekushandisa polycarbon hydrocarbons zvakadzama, pasi pemvura muzvinhu zvemakemikari akanaka, maauxiliary nedzimwe nzvimbo; Chechitatu, pakuparadzanisa nekuchenesa zvinhu zvekabhoni yakawanda uye pakugadzirisa nekushandisa zvakadzama, pasi pemvura muminda yesurfactants neplasticizers.

Kubva pamaonero emutengo, kuwedzera kweindasitiri yemakemikari akanaka ekugadzira zvinhu zvine kabhoni shoma ndiyo nzira yakaderera yekugadzira nekutsvaga pari zvino. Parizvino, masangano akawanda ekutsvagisa kwesainzi muChina ari kuwedzera tsvakiridzo yemahydrocarbon ane kabhoni shoma mumakemikari akanaka. Zvigadzirwa zvinomiririra kuwedzera kwemakemikari akanaka kwecheni yeindasitiri yeisobutylene uye kuwedzera kwemakemikari akanaka kwecheni yeindasitiri yeaniline.

Sekureva kweongororo yekutanga, cheni yemaindasitiri ine makemikari anodarika makumi mashanu ari pasi peisobutylene yakacheneswa zvakanyanya yakawedzerwa, uye cheni yemaindasitiri yezvigadzirwa zviri pasi pemvura ine mwero wepamusoro wekunatswa. Kune marudzi anopfuura makumi matanhatu emakemikoro akanaka ari pasi pecheni yeindasitiri yeaniline, uye nzira dzakawanda dzekushandisa dziri pasi pemvura.

Parizvino, aniline inonyanya kugadzirwa ne catalytic hydrogenation ye nitrobenzene, inova kugadzirwa kwe hydrogenation ye nitric acid, hydrogen uye pure benzene sezvinhu zvakabikwa. Inoshandiswa pasi pemvura mu MDI, rabha assiliaries, madhayi uye mishonga yepakati, peturu additives nedzimwe nzvimbo. Pure benzene mumakambani ekuchenesa nekugadzira makemikari haigone kusanganiswa nemafuta, izvo zvinokurudzira kuwedzerwa nekushandiswa kwecheni yeindasitiri yepasi pe pure benzene, uye yave chinhu chikuru muindasitiri yekutsvagisa nekusimudzira makemikari.

Zvichienderana nemaindasitiri akasiyana anoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zve aniline zviri pasi, inogona kukamurwa kuita maindasitiri anotevera: Chekutanga, kushandiswa kwezvinosimudzira rabha uye zvinorwisa ma antioxidants kunogona kukamurwa kuita zvigadzirwa zvishanu, zvinoti p-amino-diphenylamine, hydroquinone, diphenylamine, cyclohexylamine uye dicyclohexylamine. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa izvi zve aniline zvinoshandiswa mumunda wezvinodzivirira rabha, zvakaita se p-amino-diphenylamine inogona kugadzira antioxidants 4050, 688, 8PPD, 3100D nezvimwewo.

Mumunda wekukurumidzisa rabha uye kushandiswa kweantioxidant, aniline iri pasi perabha inzira yakakosha yekushandiswa, ichiverengera inenge 11% yehuwandu hwese hwekushandiswa kweaniline pasi perabha, zvigadzirwa zvikuru zvinomiririrwa ip-amino-diphenylamine uye hydroquinone.

Pakati pezvinhu zvinosanganisa diazo, uchishandisa aniline ne nitrate nezvimwe zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvinogona kugadzirwa ndeizvi: p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, p-hydroxyaniline, p-hydroxyabenzene, phenylhydrazine, fluorobenzene nezvimwewo. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yemadhayi, mishonga uye mishonga yezvipembenene. Zvigadzirwa zvinomiririrwa ndeizvi: p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, inova dhayi re synthetic azo, dhayi re hose, dhayi rinopararira, uye rinoshandiswawo mukugadzira pendi ne pigments uye sechiratidzo. P-hydroxyaniline inoshandiswa mukugadzira sulfur blue FBG, weak acid bright yellow 5G nedzimwe dhayi, kugadzira paracetamol, antamine nedzimwe mishonga, asi inoshandiswawo mukugadzira vagadziri, antioxidants nezvimwewo.

Sekureva kweongororo iyi, pari zvino, mishonga yeaniline inoshandiswa muindasitiri yedhayi muChina inonyanya kuve p-amino-abenzene hydrochloride uye p-hydroxyaniline, zvichiita kuti ive 1% yekushandiswa kweaniline pasi, inova nzira yakakosha yekushandisa nitrogen compounds pasi peaniline, uye zvakare inzira yakakosha yekutsvagisa tekinoroji yeindasitiri pari zvino.

Imwe nzira yakakosha yekushandisa aniline ndeyekuburitsa aniline mu "halogenation", zvakaita sekugadzirwa kwe p-iodoaniline, o-chloroaniline, 2.4.6-trichloroaniline, n-acetoacetanilide, n-formylaniline, phenylurea, bisphenylurea, phenylthiourea nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa zve aniline halogenation, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune marudzi anoda kusvika makumi maviri, ayo avewo nzira yakakosha yekuwedzera ketani yeindasitiri yemakemikari ye "downstream fine chemical industry".

Zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa aniline halogenation, zvakaita se o-chloraniline, zvinoshandiswa kugadzira sulfur blue FBG, weak acid bright yellow 5G dyes, kugadzira paracetamol, antamine nezvimwe zvinodhaka, asiwo kugadzira vagadziri, antioxidants nezvimwewo. Diphenyl thiourea inoshandiswa mukugadzira vulcanization accelerators, vulcanization capsules, water taires, waya netambo, pamwe nemishonga uye dye intermediates. N-acetoacetanilide inoshandiswa mukugadzira sulfonamides, analgesics, antipyretic ice uye preservatives, uye rabha vulcanization accelerator.

Zvichienderana neongororo isina kukwana, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari eaniline fine aniline zvakasanganiswa nealanine zvinosvika 40% yehuwandu hwemakemikari eaniline ari pasi, asi zvigadzirwa izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa muminda yepamusoro-soro, uye huwandu hwacho hahuna kukura. Nekukura kwakasimba kwemunda wemishonga, tsvakiridzo yehunyanzvi yeaniline halogenation yavewo nzira yakakosha yekuvandudza tsvakiridzo nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeChina.

Imwe nzira yakakosha ye aniline ndeyekuderedza maitiro, akadai se aniline ne hydrogen kugadzira cyclohexane, aniline uye concentrated sulfuric acid ne soda ash kugadzira dicyclohexane, aniline ne sulfuric acid uye sulfur trioxide kugadzira p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. Rudzi urwu rwemaitiro runoda huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinobatsira, uye huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvepasi hausi hukuru, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune zvigadzirwa zvingangosvika zvishanu. 

Pakati pazvo, zvakaita se p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, kugadzira madhayi eazo, nezvimwewo, zvinoshandiswa se reference reagent, experimental reagent uye chromatographic analysis reagent, uye zvinogona kushandiswawo semushonga wezvipembenene kudzivirira chirwere chengura yegorosi. Dicyclohexylamine, kugadzirwa kwemavara epakati pedhayi, pamwe nengura yegorosi yezvipembenene, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinonhuwira.

Mamiriro ekuderedza aniline akaomarara, uye pari zvino, China inonyanya kuzara murabhoritari uye muchikamu chidiki chekugadzira, uye huwandu hwekushandiswa kwayo hudiki kwazvo, iyo isiriyo nzira huru yekuwedzera kwecheni yemakemikari yakanaka yeaniline iri pasi.

Kushandiswa kweaniline sezvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvekuwedzera kwecheni yemakemikari muindasitiri, kune arylation reaction, alkylation reaction, oxidation and nitrification reaction, cyclization reaction, aldehyde condensation reaction uye complex combination reaction. Aniline inogona kutora chikamu mumaitiro akawanda emakemikari, uye kune akawanda mashandisirwo ari pasi. Ticharamba tichiita ongororo yakati, ndapota tarisirai.