Mushure memakore anoda kusvika zana ekukura, indasitiri yemakemikari yeChina yave nyika iri kukura nekukurumidza pasi rose, uye kutenderera kwemaindasitiri kwapfupika zvakanyanya pane kweindasitiri yemakemikari muEurope, America, Japan neSouth Korea. MuEurope, America nedzimwe nyika, zvinongotora makore mashoma chete kuti zvisvike padanho rekukura, uye indasitiri yemakemikari yeChina iri kusvika kumagumo. Musiyano ndewekuti mushure medanho guru reindasitiri yemakemikari muEurope neAmerica, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvakanaka zvinotsigirwa netekinoroji yepamusoro hunowedzera zvakanyanya, nepo muChina, nekuda kwekukura kushoma kwetekinoroji, huwandu hwemakemikari akanaka pamusika hunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi anotevera, maitiro makuru eindasitiri yemakemikari muChina achapera uye maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvakanaka achakurumidza. Parizvino, masangano mazhinji ekutsvagisa emuno, kunyanya ayo ane hukama nemakambani makuru, ari kuwedzera mari yavo mukutsvaga nekugadzira zvinhu zvakanaka.

Kuti pave negwara rekugadzirwa kwemakemikari akanaka muChina, chekutanga ndechekutsvaga zvakadzama nezvekushandisa mahydrocarbon ane kabhoni shoma sezvinhu zvakagadziriswa, uye chikamu chiri pasi pemvura chinonyanya kutariswa mumishonga, mishonga yezvipembenene nedzimwe nzvimbo. Chechipiri, chekushandisa zvakadzama mahydrocarbon ane kabhoni yakawanda, chekupedzisira mumakemikari akanaka, zvimwe zvinowedzerwa muminda; Chechitatu, chekuparadzanisa nekucheneswa kwezvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvine kabhoni yakawanda uye chekupedzisira nekugadzirisa nekushandisa, chekupedzisira musurfactant, plasticizer nedzimwe nzvimbo.

Tichifunga nezvemutengo, kuwedzera kweindasitiri yemakemikari akanaka ekugadzira zvinhu zvine kabhoni shoma ndiyo nzira yakachipa yekugadzira nekutsvaga. Parizvino, masangano mazhinji ekutsvagisa kwesainzi muChina ari kuwedzera tsvakiridzo yeindasitiri yemakemikari akanaka ehydrocarbon shoma. Zvigadzirwa zvinomiririra kuwedzera kwemakemikari akanaka echeni yeindasitiri yeisobutylene uye kuwedzera kwemakemikari akanaka echeni yeindasitiri yeaniline.

Sekuferefeta kwekutanga, cheni yemaindasitiri ine makemikari anodarika makumi mashanu yakawedzerwa pasi peisobutene yakachena kwazvo, uye mwero wekunatswa kwecheni yemaindasitiri yezvigadzirwa zvepasi pemvura wakakwira. Aniline ine mhando dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu dzemakemikari akanaka pasi pecheni yemaindasitiri, nzira dzekushandisa pasi pecheni dzakawanda.

Parizvino, aniline inonyanya kugadzirwa ne catalytic hydrogenation ye nitrobenzene, inova iyo hydrogenation yekugadzira nitric acid, hydrogen uye pure benzene sezvinhu zvakabikwa. Inoshandiswa pasi pemvura muminda yeMDI, zvinowedzerwa zverabha, madhayi uye zvekurapa, zvinowedzerwa zvepeturu nezvimwewo. Benzene yakachena mumakambani ekuchenesa mafuta nekugadzira makemikari haigone kusanganiswa nezvigadzirwa zvemafuta, izvo zvinokurudzira kuwedzerwa nekushandiswa kwecheni yeindasitiri yepasi pe pure benzene, iyo yave nzvimbo yekutarisa indasitiri yekutsvaga nekusimudzira makemikari.

Zvichienderana nemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana umo zvigadzirwa zve p-aniline zvinoshandiswa, zvinogona kukamurwa kuita maindasitiri anotevera: Chekutanga, kushandiswa mumunda we rabha accelerator uye antioxidant, izvo zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando shanu dzezvigadzirwa, zvinoti p-aminobenzidine, hydroquinone, diphenylamine, cyclohexylamine uye dicyclohexylamine. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa izvi zve aniline zvinoshandiswa mumunda we rabha antioxidant, zvakaita se p-amino diphenylamine inogona kugadzira antioxidant 4050, 688, 8PPD, 3100D, nezvimwewo.

Kushandiswa kwerabha inokurumidza uye antioxidant inzira yakakosha yekushandiswa kweaniline pasi perabha, zvichiita kuti ipfuure 11% yekushandiswa kweaniline pasi perabha, zvigadzirwa zvikuru zvinomiririrwa ne p-aminobenzidine ne hydroquinone.

Muzvinhu zve diazo, uchishandisa aniline ne nitrate nezvimwe zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvinogona kugadzirwa zvinoti p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, p-hydroxyaniline, p-hydroxyabenzene, phenylhydrazine, fluorobenzene nezvimwewo. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yemadhayi, mishonga uye mishonga yezvipembenene. Zvigadzirwa zvinomiririrwa ndeizvi: p-amino-azobenzene hydrochloride, inova dhayi re synthetic azo, um voice dye, disperse dye, inoshandiswawo mukugadzira pendi ne pigment uye sechiratidzo, nezvimwewo. P-hydroxyaniline inoshandiswa mukugadzira sulphide blue FBG, weak acid bright yellow 5G nedzimwe dhayi, kugadzira paracetamol, antamine nedzimwe mishonga, inoshandiswawo mukugadzira developer, antioxidant nezvimwewo.

Parizvino, mishonga yakawanda yeaniline inoshandiswa muindasitiri yedhayi muChina ip-amino-abenzene hydrochloride uye p-hydroxyaniline, zvichiita kuti ive 1% yekushandiswa kweaniline pasi, inova nzira yakakosha yekushandisa nitrogen compounds pasi peaniline uye zvakare nzira yakakosha yekutsvaga tekinoroji yeindasitiri pari zvino.

Imwe nzira yakakosha yekushandisa aniline ndeyekuburitsa aniline muchimiro che halogenation, zvakaita sekugadzirwa kwe p-iodoaniline, o-chloroaniline, 2.4.6-trichloraniline, n-acetoacetaniline, n-formylaniline, phenylurea, diphenylurea, phenylthiourea nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa zve halogenation zve aniline, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune marudzi anoda kusvika makumi maviri, ayo ave nzira yakakosha yekuwedzera kweketani yemakemikari yakanaka ye aniline iri pasi.

Imwe nzira yakakosha ye aniline ndeyekuderedza maitiro, akadai se aniline ne hydrogen kugadzira cyclohexamine, aniline ne concentrated sulfuric acid ne soda kugadzira bicyclohexane, aniline ne sulfuric acid ne sulfur trioxide kugadzira p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid. Rudzi urwu rwemaitiro runoda huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinobatsira, uye huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvepasi hausi hukuru, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvingangoita mhando shanu dzezvigadzirwa.

 Pakati pazvo, zvakaita se p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, kugadzira madhayi eazo, anoshandiswa se reference reagent, experimental reagent uye chromatographic analysis reagent, anogonawo kushandiswa semushonga wezvipembenene kudzivirira ngura yegorosi. Dicyclohexamine, igadziriro yedhayi pakati pemishonga, pamwe nengura yegorosi yezvipembenene, pamwe nekugadzirira zvinonhuwira nezvimwewo.

Mamiriro ekuderedza aniline akaomarara. Parizvino, mazhinji acho akanyanya kuunganidzwa murabhoritari uye muchikamu chidiki chekugadzira muChina, uye huwandu hwekushandiswa hushoma kwazvo. Haisi iyo nzira huru yekuwedzera kwecheni yemakemikari yakanaka yeaniline iri pasi.

Kuwedzerwa kwecheni yeindasitiri yemakemikari akanaka uchishandisa aniline sezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa kunosanganisira arylation reaction, alkylation reaction, oxidation and nitrification reaction, cyclization reaction, aldehyde condensation reaction uye complex combination reaction. Aniline inogona kutora chikamu mumaitiro akawanda emakemikari, uye kune akawanda mashandisirwo ari pasi.