Yuanming poda inonziwo munyu weGlauber, uye zita rayo resainzi inonzi sodium sulfate. Iyi inorganic munyu iri padyo nemakemikari emunyu wetafura.

1. Inoshandiswa sedhayi yakananga uye imwe inomhanyisa ajenti yekudhaya donje

Paunenge uchidhaya donje nedhayi dzakananga, dhayi dzesarufa, dhayi dzevat uye Yindioxin dhayi, sodium sulfate inogona kushandiswa sechinhu chinokurudzira dhayi.

Aya madhayi ari nyore kunyungudika mune yakagadziriswa dhayi mhinduro, asi hazvisi nyore kudhaya machira edonje. Nokuti dhayi haisi nyore kupera, kune dhayi yakawanda yakasara mumvura yetsoka.

Kuwedzerwa kwe sodium sulfate kunogona kuderedza kunyungudika kwedhayi mumvura, nekudaro kuwedzera simba remavara redhayi. Nenzira iyi, huwandu hwedhayi hunogona kuderedzwa, uye ruvara rwemavara ruchadzika.

1. Nhamba ye sodium sulfate

Zvinoenderana nesimba remavara edhayi inoshandiswa uye kudzika kwemuvara waunoda. Usawedzera zvakanyanya kana kukurumidza, zvikasadaro dhayi mumushonga wedhayi inodonha uye inokonzera mavara edhayi pajira rejira.

2. Pakudhaya machira edonje

Yuanming poda inowanzowedzerwa mumabhechi mumatanho matatu kusvika mana. Nekuti mushonga wedhayi wakanyanya kukora usati wadhayiwa, kana ukaiswa nekukurumidza, dhayi inodhaya pafiber nekukurumidza uye zviri nyore kugadzira kusaenzana, saka dhayi kwechinguva wobva wawedzera. Zvakakodzera.

3. Sodium sulfate isati yashandiswa

Yuanming poda inofanira kuzadzwa zvizere nemvura isati yashandiswa, uye kusefa isati yawedzerwa mubhavhu rekudhaya. Zvinonyanya kukosha kumutsa bhati rekudhayira uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kuti udzivise bhati yekucheka kwechidimbu kubva pakusangana nehuwandu hwekukurumidza uye zvichiita kuti dhayi iite munyu. Ongorora basa.

4. Sodium sulfate uye munyu zvinowanzoshandiswa dhayi accelerators

Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti mukudhaya zvakananga, kushandisa sodium sulfate sedhayi accelerator kunogona kuwana ruvara rwakajeka. Mhedzisiro yekushandisa munyu wetafura yakashata, iyo inobatana nekuchena kwetafura yemunyu. Kuwedzera kune yakawanda calcium uye magnesium ions, general maindasitiri munyu inewo iron ions. Mamwe madhayi anobatwa zvakanyanya neayoni esimbi (akadai seyakananga turquoise blue GL, nezvimwewo) anoshandisa munyu sedhayi accelerant, izvo zvichaita kuti ruvara ruve grey.

5. Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti mutengo wemunyu wakachipa

Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti mutengo wemunyu wakachipa, uye munyu wepatafura unogona kushandiswa kutsiva Yuanming poda. Nekudaro, zviri nani kushandisa Yuanming poda yeruvara rwakareruka pane munyu wetafura, uye kune yakasviba ruvara, munyu wetafura uri nani. Chero chipi zvacho chakakodzera, chinofanira kushandiswa mushure mekuedzwa.

6. Ukama huri pakati pe sodium sulfate nehuwandu hwemunyu

Hukama huri pakati pe sodium sulfate uye kushandiswa kwemunyu kwakangoita seizvi:

6 zvikamu anhydrous Na2SO4=5 zvikamu NaCl

12 zvikamu hydrate Na2SO4 · 10H20=5 zvikamu NaCl

2. Inoshandiswa seretarder yekudhaya yakananga nekudhaya sirika

Kuiswa kwedhayi dzakananga pamaprotein fibers kunowanzo kudhayiwa sirika, uye kukurumidza kudhaya kunowanikwa kuri nani pane kuya kwedhayi dzeasidhi. Mamwe madhayi akananga anewo yakanakisa dischargeability, saka anowanzo shandiswa pakuburitsa ruvara rwepasi mukudhindwa kwemucheka wesilika.

Kudhayiwa kwakananga kwesirika zvakare kunowanzowedzera huwandu hushoma hwesodium sulfate, asi basa resodium sulfate rakasiyana neiro rekudhaya donje. Inongoshanda seanononoka kudhaya agent.

Cherechedza:
1. Kudhaya sirika nedhayi dzakananga. Mushure mekunge sodium sulfate yawedzerwa, iyo inononoka-kudayi mhedzisiro inoitika seinotevera:

Iyo yakananga dhayi R SO3Na inopatsanura kuita sodium ion Na+ uye pigment anion R SO3- mumvura, sezvinoratidzwa mune inotevera formula: RSO3Na (interconversion miseve mumaparentheses) Na+ R SO3- yuanming powder Na2SO4 inoparadzanisa kuita sodium ion Na+ uye sulfate ion SO4- mumvura -, iyo inotevera formula: Na2SO4 (interconversion arrows in parentheses) 2Na+ RSO4–Mukugezera dhayi, anion dhayi R SO3- inogona kudhaya sirika zvakananga. Kana sodium sulfate yawedzerwa, ichaparadzanisa kubudisa sodium ion Na +, Kuparadzaniswa kwedhayi kunokonzerwa neion sodium; ndiko kuti, nekuda kwehukama hwekuenzanisa kwemashure-ion reaction, inobatwa neNa + common ion mhosva, iyo inoderedza kuparadzaniswa kwedhayi, saka kudhayiwa kwesilika kunononoka. Dyeing effect.

2. Pamachira akadhayiwa nedhayi dzakananga, kazhinji shandisa chinogadzirisa Y kana chinogadzirisa M (inenge 3～5g/l, 30% acetic acid 1～2g/l, tembiricha 60℃) kwemaminetsi makumi matatu kunatsiridza chigadzirwa chakapedzwa Kumhanya kwemavara. .

4. Inoshandiswa sechidziviriro chemavara epasi pakukwesha machira esirika akadhindwa uye akadhayiwa

Paunenge uchikwesha machira ekudhinda kana kudhaya esirika, dhayi inogona kupepetwa, kuitira kuti isvibise ruvara rwepasi kana mamwe machira akawiriraniswa. Kana sodium sulfate yakawedzerwa, kunyungudika kwedhayi kunogona kuderedzwa, saka hapana ngozi yekubvisa dhayi uye kusvibisa ruvara rwepasi. Up.