Mumwedzi miviri yapfuura, kuwedzera nekukurumidza kwechirwere chechipiri chekorona muIndia kwave chiitiko chakakosha zvikuru mukurwisa denda iri pasi rose. Denda iri rakaipisisa rakakonzera kuti mafekitori mazhinji muIndia avharwe, uye makambani mazhinji emuno nemakambani epasi rose ari mumatambudziko.

Denda iri riri kuramba richikura, maindasitiri mazhinji muIndia ari kurohwa

Kupararira nekukurumidza kwedenda kwakunda hurongwa hwekurapa muIndia. Vanhu vari kupisa zvitunha mumapaki, pamhenderekedzo yeGanges, uye mumigwagwa zvinokatyamadza. Parizvino, hurumende dzemuno dzinopfuura hafu muIndia dzasarudza "kuvhara guta", kugadzirwa kwezvinhu nehupenyu zvakamiswa rimwe mushure mekuwana, uye maindasitiri mazhinji makuru muIndia ari kutarisanawo nemhedzisiro yakaipa.

Surat iri muGujarat, India. Vanhu vazhinji muguta iri vari kuita mabasa ane chekuita nemachira. Denda iri rakaipisisa, uye India yave kushandisa matanho akasiyana-siyana ekurambidza kushandiswa kwemachira. Vamwe vatengesi vemachira muSurat vakati mabhizinesi avo aderedzwa neinenge 90%.

Mutengesi wemachira wekuIndia weSurat Dinesh Kataria: Kune vatengesi vemachira zviuru makumi matanhatu nezvishanu muSurat. Kana zvikaverengerwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hweavhareji, indasitiri yemachira yeSurat inorasikirwa neUS$48 miriyoni pazuva.

Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo pari zvino muSurat ingori nharaunda diki yeindasitiri yemachira yeIndia, uye indasitiri yese yemachira yeIndia iri kutarisana nekuderera kukuru. Kupararira kwechipiri kwedenda kwave kuchiwedzera kudiwa kukuru kwezvipfeko mushure mekusunungurwa kwemabasa ehupfumi hwekunze kwenyika, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemaodha emachira eEurope neAmerica akatamiswa.

Kubva muna Kubvumbi gore rapera kusvika munaKurume gore rino, kutengeswa kwemachira nembatya muIndia kwakadzikira ne12.99% zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura, kubva pamadhora ekuAmerica mabhiriyoni 33.85 kusvika pamadhora ekuAmerica mabhiriyoni 29.45. Pakati pazvo, kutengeswa kwembatya kunze kwenyika kwakadzikira ne20.8%, uye kutengeswa kwemachira kunze kwenyika kwakadzikira ne6.43%.

Pamusoro peindasitiri yemachira, indasitiri yemafoni eIndia yakakanganiswawo. Sekureva kwenhau dzekunze, vashandi vanopfuura zana pafekitori yeFoxconn muIndia vakaonekwa vaine chirwere ichi. Parizvino, kugadzirwa kwemafoni eApple anogadzirwa nefekitori kwadzikira neanopfuura 50%.

Fekitori yeOPPO muIndia yakamisawo kugadzirwa kwemafoni nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete. Kuwedzera kwedenda iri kwakakonzera kudzikira kukuru kwesimba rekugadzira mafoni akawanda muIndia, uye maworkshop ekugadzira akamiswa rimwe mushure merimwe.

India ine zita rekuti "World Pharmaceutical Factory" uye inogadzira inoda kusvika 20% yemishonga yepasi rose. Zvinhu zvayo zvekugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha muindasitiri yese yemishonga yakabatana zvakanyanya nekumusoro nekudzika kwemvura. Denda idzva rekorona rakakonzera kudzikira kukuru kwekushanda kwemafekitori eIndia, uye kushanda kwemafekitori emishonga eIndia nemakambani eAPI kuri pa30% chete.

"German Business Week" ichangobva kuzivisa kuti nekuda kwematanho makuru ekuvharirwa kwevanhu, makambani emishonga avhara, uye huwandu hwemishonga inotengeswa kuIndia kuEurope nedzimwe nzvimbo huri mudambudziko guru.

Mukati medambudziko redenda iri. Chii chiri kukonzera "hypoxia" muIndia?

Chinhu chinonyanya kushungurudza nezvedambudziko iri muIndia ndechekuti vanhu vazhinji vakafa nekuda kwekushaikwa kweokisijeni. Vanhu vazhinji vakamira mumutsara kuti vawane okisijeni, uye paitova nenzvimbo dzematunhu aikwikwidzana kuti vawane okisijeni.

Mumazuva mashoma apfuura, vanhu vekuIndia vari kutsvaga maoximeter. Sei India, inozivikanwa senyika huru yekugadzira, isingakwanise kugadzira okisijeni nemaoximeter zvinodiwa nevanhu? Dambudziko rehupfumi redenda iri rakakura sei paIndia? Richakanganisa here kudzoreredzwa kwehupfumi hwenyika?

Okisijeni haisi yakaoma kugadzira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, India inogona kugadzira okisijeni inopfuura matani 7,000 pazuva. Denda parakatanga, chikamu chikuru cheokisijeni yaigadzirwa pakutanga hachina kushandiswa kuzvipatara. Makambani mazhinji eIndia akanga asina mukana wekukurumidza kuchinja kuita zvigadzirwa. Pamusoro pezvo, India yakanga isina sangano renyika rekugadzirisa okisijeni. Kugona kugadzira nekufambisa, kune kushomeka kweokisijeni.

Zvichiitikawo, vezvenhau vakaburitsa mashoko munguva pfupi yapfuura kuti India iri kusangana nekushomeka kwema "pulse oximeters". 98% yema "oximeters" aripo anotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Chishandiso chidiki ichi chinoshandiswa kuyera huwandu hweokisijeni muropa remurwere hachisi chakaoma kugadzira, asi kubuda kweIndia hakugone kuwedzera nekuda kwekushaikwa kwesimba rekugadzira zvinhu zvine chekuita nazvo nezvimwe zvinhu.

Ding Yifan, muongorori paWorld Development Research Institute of the Development Research Center yeState Council: Sisitimu yeindasitiri muIndia haina zvivakwa zvekutsigira, kunyanya kugona kuchinja. Kana makambani aya akasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akakosha uye achida kushandura cheni yeindasitiri kuti igadzire, haakwanise kuchinja zvinhu.

Hurumende yeIndia haisati yaona dambudziko rekugadzira zvinhu zvisina kusimba. Muna 2011, indasitiri yekugadzira muIndia yaitora chikamu chinosvika 16% cheGDP. Hurumende yeIndia yakatanga zvirongwa zvekuwedzera chikamu chekugadzira muGDP kusvika 22% panosvika 2022. Sekureva kwedata kubva kuIndian Brand Equity Foundation, chikamu ichi chicharamba chisina kuchinja muna 2020, 17% chete.

Liu Xiaoxue, mumwe muongorori paInstitute of Asia-Pacific and Global Strategy yeChinese Academy of Social Sciences, akati kugadzira zvinhu zvemazuva ano ihurongwa hukuru, uye ivhu, vashandi, uye zvivakwa zvinodiwa kutsigira mamiriro ezvinhu. 70% yenyika yeIndia ndeyevanhu vega, uye mukana wehuwandu hwevanhu hauna kuchinjwa kuita mukana wevashandi. Munguva yedenda guru, hurumende yeIndia yakashandisa mukana wemari, izvo zvakaita kuti chikwereti chekunze chiwedzere.

Mushumo wechangobva kubuda weInternational Monetary Fund unoratidza kuti "India ine chikwereti chakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe dzose dziri kubuda".

Dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvehupfumi dzinofungidzira kuti kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kuri kuitika muIndia vhiki rega rega kunosvika mabhiriyoni mana emadhora ekuAmerica. Kana denda iri rikasadzorwa, rinogona kusangana nematambudziko ehupfumi emadhora ekuAmerica e5.5 bhiriyoni vhiki rega rega.

Rahul Bagalil, Mukuru wezvehupfumi muIndia kuBarclays Bank muUnited Kingdom: Kana tikasadzora denda kana mafungu echipiri ezvirwere, mamiriro aya acharamba aripo kusvika muna Chikunguru kana Nyamavhuvhu, uye kurasikirwa kuchawedzera zvisingaenzaniswi uye kunogona kunge kuri pedyo. Inenge mabhiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe emadhora ekuAmerica (anenge mabhiriyoni mazana mashanu nemakumi masere eyuan).

Kubva mugore ra2019, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinopinzwa nekutengeswa kunze kwenyika muIndia hwaingova 2.1% chete yehuwandu hwenyika dzese, hushoma pane dzimwe nyika huru dzakadai seChina, European Union, neUnited States.