Chibvumirano cheFourth Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership chagara chakamirirwa kwenguva refu chatora danho idzva. Pamusangano wevatori venhau musi wa11 wemwedzi uno, Bazi redu rezvekutengeserana rakazivisa zviri pamutemo kuti nyika gumi neshanu dzapedza hurukuro pamusoro penzvimbo dzese dzeFourth Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).

Nzvimbo dzese dzekusawirirana dzakagadziriswa, ongororo yemagwaro ese emutemo yapera, uye danho rinotevera nderekusundidzira mapato kuti asaine chibvumirano zviri pamutemo musi wa15 wemwedzi uno.

RCEP, iyo inosanganisira China, Japan, South Korea, nhengo gumi dzeAssociation of Southeast Asian Nations, Australia neNew Zealand, ichagadzira nzvimbo huru yekutengeserana yakasununguka muAsia uye ichafukidza 30 muzana yezvigadzirwa zvepasi rose zvemuno nekutengeserana. Ichavawo hurongwa hwekutanga hwekutengeserana kwakasununguka pakati peChina, Japan neSouth Korea.

RCEP ine chinangwa chekugadzira chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara chemusika mumwe chete nekuderedza zvipingamupinyi zvemitero nezvisingabhadhariswe. India yakabuda muhurukuro muna Mbudzi nekuda kwekusawirirana pamusoro pemitero, kushomeka kwekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika nezvipingamupinyi zvisingabhadhariswe, asi nyika gumi neshanu dzasara dzakati dzichaedza kusaina chibvumirano ichi panosvika gore ra2020.

Kana guruva radzika paRCEP, zvichaita kuti kutengeserana kwekunze kweChina kubudirire.

Nzira yekutaurirana yave yakareba uye isina kugadzikana, India ichingoerekana yabuda

Zvibvumirano zveRegional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP), zvakatangwa nenyika gumi dzeASEAN uye neChina, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, India, chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara matanhatu nenyika dzeASEAN kuti vatore chikamu pamwe chete, nyika gumi nematanhatu dzese, chinangwa chekuderedza mitero nezvipingamupinyi zvisiri zvemitero, kugadzira kutengeserana kwemahara kwemusika wakabatana.

chibvumirano. Pamusoro pekuderedzwa kwemitero, hurukuro dzakaitwa pamusoro pekugadzira mitemo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kodzero dzepfuma yepfungwa, e-commerce (EC) uye maitiro emitero.

Kubva pamaonero egadziriro yeRCEP, THE RCEP yakarongwa uye yakasimudzirwa neASEAN, ukuwo China yakaita basa rakakosha mugadziriro yese.

Pamusangano we21st ASEAN Summit wakaitwa pakupera kwa2012, nyika gumi nematanhatu dzakasaina hurongwa hweRCEP ndokuzivisa kutanga kwehurukuro zviri pamutemo. Mumakore masere akatevera, kwakava nematanho marefu uye akaomarara ehurukuro.

Mutungamiriri weChina Li Keqiang anopinda Musangano wechitatu weVatungamiriri veRCEP muBangkok, Thailand, musi wa4 Mbudzi, 2019. Pamusangano uyu, RCEP yakapedzisa hurukuro huru, uye vatungamiriri venyika gumi neshanu kunze kweIndia vakaburitsa chirevo chakabatana pamusoro peRCEP, vachikumbira kuti hurukuro dzirambe dzichienderera mberi nechinangwa chekusaina RCEP panosvika 2020. Izvi zvinoratidza danho rakakosha reRCEP.

Zvisinei, pamusangano uyu ndipowo apo India, iyo maitiro ayo akanga achinja nguva nenguva, yakasiya basa paminiti yekupedzisira ndokusarudza kusasaina RCEP. Panguva iyoyo, Mutungamiriri weIndia Narendra Modi akataura nezvekusawirirana pamusoro pemitero, kushomeka kwekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika uye zvipingamupinyi zvisiri zvemitero sechikonzero chesarudzo yeIndia yekusasaina RCEP.

Nihon Keizai Shimbun akamboongorora izvi ndokuti:

Muhurukuro idzi, pane dambudziko guru nekuti India ine dambudziko guru rekutengeserana neChina uye inotya kuti kudzikiswa kwemitero kuchakanganisa maindasitiri emuno. Muchikamu chekupedzisira chehurukuro idzi, India inodawo kuchengetedza maindasitiri ayo; Nekunge hupfumi hwenyika yavo hwadzikama, VaModi vakatofanira kutarisa nyaya dzemuno dzakadai sekushaya mabasa kwakanyanya nehurombo, izvo zvinonyanya kunetsa pane kusununguka kwekutengeserana.

Mutungamiriri weIndia Narendra Modi apinda musangano weASEAN Summit musi wa4 Mbudzi 2019

Achipindura kunetseka uku, Geng Shuang, uyo panguva iyoyo aive mutauriri webazi rezvekunze reChina, akasimbisa kuti China yakanga isina chinangwa chekutsvaga mari yakawanda yekutengeserana neIndia uye kuti mativi maviri aya anogona kuwedzera kufunga kwawo nekuwedzera kushandira pamwe. China yakagadzirira kushanda nemapoka ese mumweya wekunzwisisana uye kugadzirisa kuenderera mberi nekukurukurirana kugadzirisa matambudziko ari kutarisana neIndia muhurukuro, uye inogamuchira kupinda kweIndia muchibvumirano nekukurumidza.

Dzakatarisana nekudzokera shure kweIndia kamwe kamwe, dzimwe nyika dzinonetseka kuona zvinangwa zvayo zvechokwadi. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe nyika dzeASEAN, dzaneta nemafungiro eIndia, dzakapa zano rekuti chibvumirano che "kubviswa kweIndia" chisave sarudzo muhurukuro. Chinangwa ndechekutanga kupedzisa hurukuro, kusimbisa kutengeserana munharaunda uye kukohwa "mhedzisiro" nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.

Kune rumwe rutivi, Japan yakaramba ichisimbisa kukosha kweIndia muhurukuro dzeRCEP, ichiratidza mafungiro ekuti "haisipo pasina India". Panguva iyoyo, vamwe vezvenhau vekuJapan vakati Japan yakaramba "kurambidzwa kweIndia" nekuti yaitarisira kuti India inogona kutora chikamu mu "pfungwa yakasununguka uye yakavhurika yeIndo-Pacific" yakaunzwa neJapan neUnited States senzira yehupfumi nedzediplomasi, iyo yakanga yazadzisa chinangwa che "kudzora" China.

Zvino, sezvo chibvumirano cheRCEP chakasainwa nenyika gumi neshanu, Japan yabvuma kuti India haizopindi.

Zvichasimudzira kukura kweGDP yedunhu, uye kukosha kweRCEP kwave kutonyanya kuzivikanwa mukutarisana nedenda iri.

Kunzvimbo yese yeAsia-Pacific, RCEP inomiririra mukana mukuru webhizinesi. Zhang Jianping, director weResearch Center for Regional Economic Cooperation pasi peMinistry of Commerce, akataura kuti RCEP ichafukidza misika miviri mikuru pasi rose ine mukana wekukura zvakanyanya, musika weChina une vanhu vanosvika mabhiriyoni 1.4 uye musika weASEAN une vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 600. Panguva imwe chete, hupfumi uhwu gumi neshanu, semichina yakakosha yekukura kwehupfumi munharaunda yeAsia-Pacific, hunokoshawo pakukura kwepasi rose.

Zhang Jianping akataura kuti kana chibvumirano changoitwa, kuda kwekutengeserana kwese kwese munharaunda kuchakura nekukurumidza nekuda kwekubviswa kukuru kwezvipingamupinyi zvemitero nezvisiri zvemitero pamwe nezvipingamupinyi zvekudyara, zvinova mhedzisiro yekugadzira kutengeserana. Panguva imwe chete, kutengeserana nevatinoshanda navo vasiri vemunharaunda kuchaendeswa kune kutengeserana kwemukati medunhu, zvinova mhedzisiro yekutengeserana. Kudivi rekudyara, chibvumirano ichi chichaunzawo kuwedzera kwekudyara. Nokudaro, RCEP ichasimudzira kukura kweGDP yedunhu rese, kugadzira mabasa akawanda uye kuvandudza zvakanyanya kugara zvakanaka kwenyika dzese.

Denda repasi rose riri kupararira nekukurumidza, hupfumi hwepasi rose huri mumatambudziko akakomba, uye kusarurana kwevanhu vega uye kushungurudzana kuri kupararira. Senhengo inokosha yekubatana kweDunhu muEast Asia, China yave kutungamira mukurwisa denda iri uye kudzorera kukura kwehupfumi. Zvichienderana neizvi, musangano uyu unofanira kutumira zviratidzo zvakakosha zvinotevera:

Chekutanga, tinofanira kuwedzera chivimbo nekusimbisa kubatana. Kuvimba kwakakosha kupfuura goridhe. Kubatana nekushandira pamwe chete ndizvo zvinogona kudzivirira nekudzora denda iri.

Chechipiri, kudzamisa kushandira pamwe chete kurwisa coVID-19. Kunyange zvazvo makomo nenzizi zvichitiparadzanisa, tinonakidzwa nechiedza chemwedzi chimwe chete pasi pedenga rimwe chete. Kubva pakatanga denda iri, China nedzimwe nyika dziri munharaunda iyi dzakashanda pamwe chete uye dzichitsigirana. Mapato ese anofanira kuwedzera kushandira pamwe chete muhutano hwevanhu.

Chechitatu, tichatarisa pakukura kwehupfumi. Kudyidzana kwehupfumi hwenyika, kusununguka kwekutengeserana uye kushandira pamwe kwedunhu zvakakosha kuti tirwise denda iri pamwe chete, kukurudzira kudzoserwa kwehupfumi uye kugadzikana kwezvekutengeswa kwezvinhu neindasitiri. China yakagadzirira kushanda nenyika dziri munharaunda iyi kuvaka network dze "fast track" uye "green track" dzevashandi nekutengesa zvinhu kuti zvibatsire kutangazve basa nekugadzira uye kutungamira kudzoserwa kwehupfumi.

Chechina, tinofanira kuramba tichitevera gwara rekushandira pamwe kwedunhu uye kugadzirisa kusawirirana nemazvo. Mapato ese anofanira kutsigira zvakasimba kubatana kwenyika dzakawanda, kutsigira ASEAN, kutevedzera kuvakwa kwekubvumirana, kugamuchira kugadzikana kwemumwe nemumwe, kurega kuisa kusawirirana kwenyika mbiri mukubatana kwenyika dzakawanda nedzimwe nheyo dzakakosha, uye kushanda pamwe chete kuchengetedza rugare nekugadzikana muSouth China Sea.

RCEP chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara chakazara, chemazuva ano, chemhando yepamusoro uye chinobatsirana

Paiva nechinyorwa chemuzasi mumashoko ekubatana eBangkok apfuura achitsanangura zvitsauko makumi maviri zvechibvumirano nemazita echitsauko chimwe nechimwe. Zvichibva pane zvakacherechedzwa izvi, tinoziva kuti RCEP ichave chibvumirano chakazara, chemazuva ano, chemhando yepamusoro uye chinobatsirana.

Chibvumirano chakazara chekutengeserana kwemahara. Chine zvitsauko makumi maviri, zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvekutanga zveFTA, kutengeserana kwezvinhu, kutengeserana mumasevhisi, mukana wekudyara mari uye mitemo inoenderana nazvo.

Chibvumirano chemazuva ano chekutengeserana pachena. Chinosanganisira e-commerce, kodzero dzepfungwa, mutemo wemakwikwi, kutenga kwehurumende, mabhizinesi madiki nepakati nezvimwe zvirimo zvemazuva ano.
Chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara chemhando yepamusoro. Panyaya yekutengeserana kwezvinhu, huwandu hwekuvhurika huchasvika pamusoro pe90%, hwakakwira kupfuura hwenyika dzeWTO. Padivi rekudyara, tauriranai nezvekuwana mari muchishandisa nzira isina kunaka.

Chibvumirano chekutengeserana kwemahara chinobatsirana. Izvi zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mukutengeserana kwezvinhu, kutengeserana mumasevhisi, mitemo yekudyara uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawana chiyero chezvido. Kunyanya, Chibvumirano ichi chinosanganisirawo zvigadziro zvekushandira pamwe kwehupfumi nehunyanzvi, kusanganisira gadziriro dzekuchinja kwenyika dzisina kubudirira dzakadai seLaos, Myanmar neCambodia, kusanganisira mamiriro akanaka ekubatanidzwa kwavo zviri nani mukubatanidzwa kwehupfumi hwedunhu.