Reactive dhayi ane mavara akajeka uye yakazara chromatograms. Iyo inozivikanwa nekushandisa kwayo kwakapfava, mutengo wakaderera, uye kukurumidza kukuru. Kunyanya nekugadzirwa kwemaselulosi fiber mumakore achangopfuura, dhayi dzinoshanda dzave mhando yakakosha yedhayi ye cellulose fiber textile dyeing.

Asi dambudziko rakakurumbira remadhayi ane simba ndiro rakaderera kupera uye chiyero chekugadzirisa. Muchinyakare kudhayiwa kweselulosi faibha, kuti uvandudze kutora kwedhayi uye chiyero chekugadzirisa dhayi dzinoshanda, huwandu hukuru hwemunyu inorganic (sodium chloride kana sodium sulfate) inofanira kuwedzerwa. Zvichienderana nechimiro chedhayi uye ruvara, huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa hunowanzo 30 kusvika 150 g/L. Kunyange zvazvo kufambira mberi kukuru kwave kuchiitwa mukurapa kwemakemikari ehupenyu mukudhinda uye kudhayira mvura yakasvibiswa, kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemunyu mukugadzirwa kwekudhaya hakugoni kurapwa nenzira dziri nyore dzemuviri uye biochemical.

Tsvagiridzo yehunyanzvi hwekuita dhayi uye dhayi isina munyu

Kubva pakuona kwezvakatipoteredza, kubudiswa kwepamusoro-munyu kudhinda uye kudhaya tsvina yemvura inoshandura zvakananga kunaka kwemvura yenzizi nemadziva uye inoparadza nharaunda yezvakatipoteredza.
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Kupinda kwemunyu kwakanyanya kuchaita kuti ivhu rive nemunyu wakatenderedza nzizi nemadhamu, zvichideredza goho rezvirimwa. Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemunyu haugoni kuderedzwa kana kushandiswa zvakare, uye panguva imwechete kune kukanganisa kukuru kwemvura uye ivhu. Zvichienderana neizvi, chinyorwa ichi chinoongorora kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kwehunyanzvi hwekudhaya munyu-isina munyu, uye inokurukura zvine hungwaru shanduko yedhayi ine munyu-inogadzirisa dhayi, tekinoroji yekubatanidza, uye tekinoroji yekubatanidza.

Reactive madhayi ekudhaya pasina munyu

Iwo akatanhamara madhayi ane reactive madiki mamorekuru chimiro, yakanaka hydrophilicity, uye nyore kugeza kubva kune inoyangarara ruvara mushure mekugadzirisa. Ichi chinhu chitsva chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemamorekuru edhayi. Asi izvi zvinokonzerawo kupera kwedhayi uye chiyero chekugadzirisa kuve chakaderera, uye yakawanda yemunyu inoda kuwedzerwa panguva yekudhaya. Kutungamira mukurasikirwa kwehuwandu hwemvura yakasvibiswa ine munyu uye dhayi, nekudaro kuwedzera mari yekuchenesa mvura. Kusvibiswa kwemhoteredzo kwakakomba. Mamwe makambani edhayi akatanga kutarisisa kutariswa nekuvandudzwa kwedhayi precursors uye reactive mapoka, uye kugadzira reactive dhayi yepasi-munyu dhayi. CibacronLs yakatangwa naCiba imhando yedhayi ine munyu yakaderera inoshandisa mapoka akasiyana anoshanda kuti abatanidze. Chimiro chedhayi iyi ndechekuti huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa pakudhaya i1/4 kusvika 1/2 yeiyo general reactive dhayi. Haisi kunzwisiswa kune shanduko muyeshi yekugezesa uye ine yakanaka reproducibility. Mhando iyi yedhayi inonyanya kudhayiwa uye inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nedhayi dzekuparadzira kukurumidza bhati imwe yekudhaya yepolyester/donje musanganiswa.

Sumitomo Corporation yekuJapan yakaronga seti yenzira dzekudhaya dzakakodzera Sumifux Supra akatevedzana madhayi. Inonzi LETfS staining nzira. Huwandu hwemunyu usingashandiswi hunoshandiswa mune iyi nzira ndeye 1/2 kusvika 1/3 yemaitiro echinyakare, uye chiyero chekugezesa chinogona kusvika 1:10. Uye yakatanga nhevedzano yedhayi dzinoshanda dzinoenderana nemaitiro. Iyi nhevedzano yedhayi ndeye heterobi-reactive dhayi inoumbwa ne monochloros-triazine uye B-ethylsulfone sulfate. Huwandu hwedhayi yakasara mumvura yetsvina yekudhayira yeiyi dhayi inongori 25% -30% yedhayi yemukati mune general reactive dyeing tsvina. Inokurudzirwa kudhayiwa kweTencel fibers. Inoratidza kuita kwakanakisa kwekushandisa maererano nechiyero chekugadzirisa, kugeza kuri nyore, uye kwakasiyana-siyana masisitimu ezvigadzirwa zvakadhayiwa.

Kambani yeDyStar yakatanga iyo RemazolEF yakatevedzana madhayi akakodzera dhayi-isina munyu, boka rinoshanda rinonyanya B-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate, uye yakatanga chirongwa chekudhaya chisina munyu chine hushamwari. Huwandu hwemunyu weinorganic hunoshandiswa ndeye 1/3 yemaitiro akajairika. Nzira yekudhaya inopfupiswa. Mukuwedzera, iyo system inovhara zvakasiyana-siyana zvechromatograms. Yakasiyana-siyana matatu ekutanga mavara anogona kusanganiswa kuti awane akajeka mavara. Kambani yeClariant (Clariant) yakatanga iyo DrimareneHF yakatevedzana yedhayi dzinoshanda, kunyanya mumhando ina: DrimareneBlueHF-RL, 戡ownHF-2RL, NavyHF-G, RedHF-G, inoshandiswa kupera simba dhayi uye kuenderera mberi kudhayiwa kweselulosi fiber, kushanda kwekushandisa Uye kwakanaka. fastness. Chiyero chekugadzirisa chakanyanya kukwirira, munyu wakaderera uye chiyero chedoro shoma. Neutral fixation, yakanaka washability.

Mamwe madhayi achangobva kugadzirwa anogona kuwedzera kunanga kwedhayi nekuwedzera huwandu hwemamorekuru edhayi uye kuderedza huwandu hwemunyu. Semuenzaniso, kuiswa kwemapoka eurea kunogona kuwedzera kurongeka kwemapoka anoshanda uye kuderedza kuwanda kwemainorganic salts. Kuvandudza chiyero chekugadzirisa; kunewo polyazo dye precursors (yakadai se trisazo, tetraazo) kuwedzera kurongeka kwedhayi, uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudhaya kusina munyu. Iyo yakakwira steric chipingamupinyi mhedzisiro yemamwe madhayi muchimiro anogona zvakare zvakanyanya kushandura reactivity yemapoka anochinja edhayi anochinja uye huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa mukudhaya. Aya steric chipingamupinyi mhedzisiro kazhinji kuunzwa kwealkyl substituents panzvimbo dzakasiyana pane dhayi matrix. Zvimiro zvavo zvekutanga zvinopfupikiswa nenyanzvi sezvizvi:

Active group one SO: CH2CH: oS03Na inogona kunge iri meta kana para position yering yebenzene;

R3 inogona kuva mu ortho, inter, kana para position ye benzene ring. Iyo yemaitiro formula ndeye vinyl sulfone reactive dhayi.

Akasiyana anotsiva kana akasiyana anotsiva nzvimbo padhayi anogona kuwana kukosha kwakafanana kwekudhaya pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekudhaya, asi iwo munyu wekudhaya wakasiyana.

Yakanakisa pasi-munyu inogadzirisa dhayi inofanirwa kuve neanotevera maitiro: 1) Huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa mukudhaya hwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya; 2) Kudhaya mune yakaderera bhati reshiyo dhayi kugeza, kudhaya bhati kugadzikana; 3) Kugeza kwakanaka. Deredza nguva yemashure-kugadzirisa; 4) Yakanakisa kuberekana. Panyaya yekuvandudzwa kwedhayi, pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwataurwa pamusoro pechimiro chedhayi matrix uye zvine musoro musanganiswa wemapoka anoshanda, vamwe vanhu vakagadzira iyo inonzi inonzi cationic reactive dhayi, inogona kudhayiwa pasina kuwedzera munyu. Eg cationic reactive dhayi eiyo inotevera chimiro:

Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane chirevo chiri pamusoro apa kuti ruvara rwemuviri rwakabatana neboka rinoshanda re monochloro-triazine. A pyridine quaternary ammonium boka rinobatanidzwawo kune s-triazine mhete. Iyo dhayi inobhadharwa zvakanaka uye boka re quaternary ammonium iboka rinonyungudika nemvura. Sezvo pasina chete kubhadharisa kudzoreredza pakati pemamorekuru edhayi uye fiber, asiwo kukwezva kwezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka mhosva, dhayi iri nyore kusvika kune fiber pamusoro uye adsorb kune yakadhayi fiber. Kuvapo kwe electrolytes mumushonga wekudhaya hakuzongogadziri dhayi-inokurudzira maitiro, asiwo kuderedza kukwezva pakati pedhayi nefiber, saka rudzi urwu rwekudhaya dhayi runogona kudhayiwa pasina kuwedzera ma electrolyte ekudhaya kusina munyu. Maitiro ekudhaya akafanana neakajairwa reactive dhayi. Kune monochloros-triazine reactive dyes, sodium carbonate ichiri kuwedzerwa semugadziri wekugadzirisa. Iyo tembiricha yekugadzirisa inotenderera 85 ℃. Mutengo wekutora dhayi unogona kusvika 90% kusvika 94%, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa chiri 80% kusvika 90%. Iine chiedza chakanaka chekutsanya uye kukurumidza kugeza. Similar cationic reactive dyes zvakare yakashuma kushandisa monofluoro-s-triazine seboka rinoshanda. Basa re monofluoro-s-triazine rakakwirira kudarika re monochloro-s-triazine.

Aya madhayi anogona zvakare kudhayiwa mumucheka wekotoni / acrylic, uye zvimwe zvimiro zvedhayi (zvakadai sekuenzanisa uye kuenderana, nezvimwewo) zvinoda kuongororwa. Asi inopa nzira nyowani yekuti cellulose fiber iite kudhaya-isina munyu.