Madhayi anochinja ruvara ane mavara akajeka uye ma chromatogram akazara. Anozivikanwa nekushandiswa kwawo kuri nyore, mutengo wakaderera, uye kukurumidza kwakanaka. Kunyanya nekugadzirwa kwemafiber e cellulose mumakore achangopfuura, madhayi anochinja ruvara ave rudzi rwakakosha rwedhayi pakudhaya machira e cellulose fiber.

Asi dambudziko guru remadhayi anochinja ruvara nderekuti dhayi dzinopera simba shoma uye dzinoisa simba shoma. Munzira yemazuva ano yekudhaya cellulose fiber, kuti dhayi itore simba shoma uye inoisa simba shoma, munyu wakawanda (sodium chloride kana sodium sulfate) unofanira kuwedzerwa. Zvichienderana nechimiro chedhayi uye ruvara rwayo, munyu unoshandiswa unowanzova 30 kusvika 150 g/L. Kunyangwe paine kufambira mberi kukuru mukurapa makemikari eorganic mukudhinda nekudhaya mvura yakasviba, kuwedzerwa kwemunyu wakawanda weinorganic munzira yedhayi hakugone kurapwa nenzira dziri nyore dzemuviri uye dzebiochemical.

Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pehunyanzvi hwemadhayi anochinja-chinja uye dhayi isina munyu

Kubva pamaonero ezvakatipoteredza, kuburitswa kwemvura yakasviba ine munyu wakawanda kunochinja zvakananga kunaka kwemvura yenzizi nemadziva uye kunoparadza nharaunda.
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Kupinda kwemunyu kwakawanda kuchaita kuti ivhu rakatenderedza nzizi nemadziva riwedzere munyu, zvichideredza goho rezvirimwa. Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kwemunyu wakawanda usingashandiswi mumuviri hakugone kuderedzwa kana kudzokororwa, uye panguva imwe chete kune mhedzisiro yakaipa pamhando yemvura nevhu. Zvichibva pane izvi, chinyorwa chino chinoongorora kufambira mberi kwekutsvaga tekinoroji yekudhaya isina munyu, uye chinokurukura zvakarongeka shanduko dzemaumbirwo emadhayi asingashandise munyu wakawanda, tekinoroji yekubatanidza, uye tekinoroji yekubatanidza.

Madhayi anochinja-chinja ekugadzira dhayi isina munyu

Zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvemadhayi anochinja ruvara idiki, kugona kunyungudika kwemvura, uye kusukwa nyore nyore kubva paruvara rwunoyangarara mushure mekugadziriswa. Ichi chinhu chitsva chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemamorekuru edhayi. Asi izvi zvinoitawo kuti mwero wekuneta kwedhayi uye mwero wekugadzika uve wakaderera, uye munyu wakawanda unofanirwa kuwedzerwa panguva yekudhayiwa. Zvinotungamira mukurasikirwa nemvura yakawanda ine munyu uye madhayi, nokudaro zvichiwedzera mutengo wekurapa mvura yakasviba. Kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakakomba. Mamwe makambani edhayi akatanga kutarisisa kuongorora nekuvandudza madhayi ekutanga uye mapoka anochinja ruvara, uye kugadzira madhayi anochinja ruvara ekudaya dhayi ine munyu mushoma. CibacronLs yakatangwa neCiba imhando yemadhayi anochinja ruvara anoshandisa mapoka akasiyana anoshanda kusanganisa. Hunhu hwedhayi iyi ndeyekuti huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa mukudhaya i1/4 kusvika 1/2 yehuya hwemadhayi anochinja ruvara. Hainzwisisi kuchinja kwehuwandu hwebhati uye inogona kudzokororwa zvakanaka. Rudzi urwu rwemadhayi runonyanya kushandiswa pakudhaya nedhipu uye runogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemadhayi akapararira kuti kudhaya kwepolyester/donje kuwedzere nekukurumidza.

Sumitomo Corporation yeJapan yakaronga nzira dzekudhaya dzakakodzera madhayi eSumifux Supra series. Inonzi LETfS staining method. Huwandu hwemunyu usingashandiswe muiyi nzira inongova 1/2 kusvika 1/3 yemaitiro echinyakare, uye chiyero chekugezera chinogona kusvika 1:10. Uye yakatanga nhevedzano yemadhayi anochinja anoenderana nemaitiro aya. Nhevedzano iyi yemadhayi madhayi eheterobi-reactive anoumbwa nemonochloros-triazine neB-ethylsulfone sulfate. Huwandu hwedhayi rinosara mumvura inodhaya yenhevedzano iyi i25%-30% chete yehuwandu hwedhayi mumvura inochinja. Inokurudzirwa pakudhaya mafiber eTencel. Inoratidza kushanda kwakanaka maererano nekukwira kwekugadzirisa, kushambidzwa kuri nyore, uye kusimba kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvigadzirwa zvakapendwa.

Kambani yeDyStar yakatanga madhayi emhando yeRemazolEF akakodzera kudhayiwa pasina munyu, boka iri rinonyanya kushanda rinonyanya kuve B-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate, uye yakatanga nzira yekudhayiwa isina munyu isingakuvadzi nharaunda. Huwandu hwemunyu usingashandiswe hunoshandiswa chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemaitiro echinyakare. Maitiro ekudhayiwa anopfupikiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, sisitimu iyi inofukidza mhando dzakasiyana dzemachromatogram. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemavara matatu makuru dzinogona kusanganiswa kuti pave nemavara akajeka. Kambani yeClariant (Clariant) yakatanga DrimareneHF series yemadhayi anochinja, kunyanya mumhando ina: DrimareneBlueHF-RL, 戡ownHF-2RL, NavyHF-G, RedHF-G, inoshandiswa pakudhayiwa nekuneta uye kudhayiwa kwenguva refu kwemafiber ecellulose, kushanda zvakanaka uye kukurumidza kwakanaka. Kugona kudhayiwa kwakanyanya, munyu wakaderera uye doro rakaderera. Kugona kushambwa zvakanaka, kushambidzwa zvakanaka.

Mamwe madhayi matsva akagadzirwa anogona kuwedzera kutwasuka kwedhayi nekuwedzera huwandu hwemamorekuru edhayi uye kuderedza huwandu hwemunyu usingasanganisike. Semuenzaniso, kuunzwa kwemapoka eurea kunogona kuwedzera kutwasuka kwemapoka anoshanda uye kuderedza huwandu hwemunyu usingasanganisike. Kuvandudza mwero wekugadzirisa; kunewo polyazo dye precursors (senge trisazo, tetraazo) yekuwedzera kutwasuka kwedhayi, uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudhayiwa kusina munyu. Mhedzisiro yepamusoro yesteric yemamwe madhayi muchimiro inogonawo kuchinja zvakanyanya reactivity yemapoka anoshanda ereactive dyes uye huwandu hwemunyu unoshandiswa mukudhayiwa. Izvi steric inhibition effects zvinowanzo kuve kuunzwa kwealkyl substituents panzvimbo dzakasiyana padhayi matrix. Hunhu hwavo hwekutanga hunopfupikiswa nenyanzvi seizvi:

Boka rekutanga rinoshanda SO: CH2CH: oS03Na rinogona kunge riri panzvimbo ye meta kana para ye ring ye benzene;

R3 inogona kunge iri panzvimbo ye ortho, inter, kana para ye ring ye benzene. Fomura yechimiro ndeye vinyl sulfone reactive dyes.

Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotsiva kana nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekutsiva padhayi zvinogona kuwana kukosha kwakafanana kwekudhaya pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekudhaya, asi huwandu hwemunyu wekudhaya hwacho hwakasiyana zvikuru.

Madhayi akanaka kwazvo ane munyu mushoma anofanira kunge aine hunhu hunotevera: 1) Huwandu hwemunyu hunoshandiswa pakudhaya hushoma kwazvo; 2) Kudhaya mubhavhu rine mwero wakaderera, kugadzikana kwebhavhu rekudhaya; 3) Kugona kusuka zvakanaka. Deredza nguva yekugadzirisa mushure mekugadzirisa; 4) Kugona kudzokororwa zvakanaka. Panyaya yekuvandudza dhayi, pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwechimiro chematrix edhayi chataurwa pamusoro apa uye kusanganiswa kwakanaka kwemapoka anoshanda, vamwe vanhu vakagadzira madhayi anonzi cationic reactive, anogona kudhayiwa pasina kuwedzera munyu. Semuenzaniso madhayi eCationic reactive echimiro chinotevera:

Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mufomura iri pamusoro apa kuti muviri weruvara wakabatana neboka rinoita basa remonochloro-triazine. Boka repyridine quaternary ammonium rakanamirwawo nerin'i re s-striazine. Dhayi rine positive charge uye boka re quaternary ammonium iboka rinonyungudika mumvura. Sezvo pasina chete kudzongonyedzwa kwechaji pakati pemamorekuru edhayi nefayibha, asiwo kukwezva kwechaji dzakanaka nedzakaipa, dhayi iri nyore kusvika pamusoro pefayibha uye kunamatira kune dhayi yakapendwa. Kuvapo kwema electrolyte mumushonga wekudhayi hakuzongoburitsi chete mhedzisiro yekukurudzira dhayi, asiwo kunetesa kukwezvana pakati pedhayi nefayibha, saka rudzi urwu rwekudhayira dhayi runogona kudhayiwa pasina kuwedzera ma electrolyte ekudhayira pasina munyu. Maitiro ekudhayira akafanana nemadhayi akajairika e reactive. Kune madhayi e monochloros-triazine reactive, sodium carbonate ichiri kuwedzerwa semushonga wekugadzirisa. Tembiricha yekugadzirisa iri pa85℃. Mwero wekutorwa kwedhayi unogona kusvika 90% kusvika 94%, uye mwero wekugadziriswa kwedhayi i80% kusvika 90%. Ine kusimba kwakanaka kwechiedza uye kusimba kwekugezesa. Madhayi akafanana e cationic reactive akashumawo kuti anoshandisa monofluoro-s-triazine seboka rinoita basa. Basa re monofluoro-s-triazine rakakwira kupfuura re monochloro-s-triazine.

Madhayi aya anogonawo kudhayiwa nedonje/acrylic blends, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemadhayi (zvakadai sekuenzana uye kuenderana, nezvimwewo) zvinoda kudzidzwa zvakanyanya. Asi zvinopa nzira itsva yekuti cellulose fiber iite dhayi isina munyu.